两性纤维素的研制、表征及性能研究  

Synthesis characterization and properties of amphoteric cellulose

作　　者：闻海峰[1] 路荣春[1] 施文健[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学环境与建筑学院,上海200093

出　　处：《水资源与水工程学报》2011年第6期30-33,37,共5页Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(10872133)资助

摘　　要：脱脂棉经碱化、羧甲基化、季铵化得到两性纤维素。研究反应温度、时间、物料配比等因素对取代度的影响,得到羧甲基取代度为0.12,季铵基取代度为0.11的两性纤维素,用红外光谱法对其分子结构进行了表征。考察了材料的稳定性,其中包括材料的抗水解和抗氧化能力。实验结果表明:两性纤维素在近中性水溶液中浸泡4d,其羧甲基取代度下降百分率小于4%,季铵基取代度下降百分率小于2.5%;在稀硝酸和稀双氧水溶液中浸泡40min,羧甲基取代度下降3.2%和2.7%,季铵基取代度下降3.0%和1.2%;紫外光对其照射80 min后,羧甲基取代度下降3.3%,季铵基取代度下降2.5%,材料性能稳定。室温下,两性纤维素对重金属Pb2+、Ni2+Cu2+、Cd2+、Cr3+的吸附容量均为0.27 mmol/g;对水溶性有机物的饱和吸附容量分别为:苯胺0.021 mmol/g,苯酚0.087mmol/g,苯甲酸0.059 mmol/g,十二烷基苯磺酸钠0.33mmol/g,酸性红B 0.45mmol/g,碱性艳蓝BO 0.55mmol/g。两性纤维素可以循环利用。Amphoteric cellulose is prepared from cotton cellulose by alkalization,carboxymethylation and quaternization.The synthesis method of amphoteric cellulose was studied,and the optimum conditions for preparation were determined.The carboxymethylation degree of substitution was 0.12,and the quaternization ammonium-substituted degree was 0.11.Infrared spectrometer was used to analyze the structure of amphoteric cellulose.The physical and chemical properties of amphoteric cellulose were studied through a series of experiments.Amphoteric cellulose had a slight carboxymethyl reduction ratio of 4% and quaternary ammonium group reduction of 2.5%respectively when immersed in near neutral aqueous solution for 4d.When it was immersed in 0.05mol/L HNO3,1% H2O2 and irradiated in ultraviolet for 80 min respectively,the reduction ratio of carboxymethyl was 3.2%,2.7% and 3.3%,respectively;the reduction ratio of quaternary ammonium group was 3.0%,1.2% and 2.5% respectively.At room temperature,all of the saturated adsorption capacities of amphoteric cellulose for metal ions Pb2＋,Ni2＋,Cu2＋,Cd2＋ and Cr3＋ were 0.27mmol/g;the saturated adsorption capacities（mmol/g） for water-soluble organic contaminants were aniline 0.021,phenol 0.087,benzoic acid 0.059,sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 0.33,acid red B 0.45,victoria pure blue BO 0.55,respectively,and it can be reused after regenerated.

关 键 词：两性纤维素 理化性能 持久性污染物 吸附量 

分 类 号：TQ342[化学工程—化纤工业]