采用BBH模型模拟计算黑河中上游农田和草地的土壤水分研究  

Soil Moisture of Farmland and Grassland in the Middle and Upper Reaches of Heihe River,Simulated with BBH Model

作　　者：马春锋[1,2] 王维真[1] 吴月茹[1,2] 张智慧[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所寒旱区遥感系统观测试验站,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2011年第6期1294-1301,共8页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2009CB421305);中国科学院重要方向性项目(KZCX2-EW-312);国家自然科学基金项目(40875006)资助

摘　　要：在农田管理中,土壤水分是极其重要的因素.为了对黑河中上游土壤水分进行合理评估,利用黑河流域中游自动气象站数据,采用BBH(Bucket with a Bottom Hole)模型,计算得到位于黑河中游盈科灌区农田的表层土壤水分,并与实测数据进行对比研究.结果表明,该模型模拟流域土壤水分有一定的精度,能够满足农田水分预测和灌溉需水分析的要求;而且该模型需要的参数较少,计算过程简单,获取数据容易.另外选择黑河上游阿柔草地站气象数据,对高山草原的土壤水分动态变化进行模拟计算,同样得到很好的模拟结果.认为BBH模型能够满足不同下垫面类型的土壤水分的模拟要求,具有一定的实用意义.采用参数同定法对模型的参数进行了敏感性分析,确定了模型参数的适用范围和敏感程度.在结合模型模拟与实际观测的基础上,探讨了农田和草地土壤水分的变化规律,结果发现:土壤水分冬春两季变化缓慢,夏秋两季变化剧烈.Soil moisture is an extremely important factor in cropland management.In order to evaluate the soil moisture in Heihe River basin,based on BBH Model,Automatic Weather Station（AWS） data of middle reaches of the Heihe River were used to get the information of surface soil moisture of Yingke farmland,and to compare with observations.The results showed that the model which simulated the soil moisture content with high accuracy can meet the requirements of farmland water prediction and of analysis of irrigation water demand.In addition,the model has the advantages of requiring fewer parameters,simple calculation process and easily data acquisition.Besides,the AWS data of Arou Station located in the upper reaches of the Heihe River were used to simulate the soil water content,and also get an ideal result.So the conclusion can be drawn that the model is of practical significance in the region.Parameters＇ sensitivity was analyzed with the titration of the parameters,and then the applicable range and sensitivities of model parameters were determined.Variation of soil water content was also discussed on the basis of combination of simulations and observations.The result shows that soil moisture changes slowly during spring and winter,while sharply during summer and autumn.

关 键 词：土壤水分 黑河中上游 BBH模型 参数敏感性分析 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]