滇东南橡胶树寒害后次期性害虫危害状况调查  

Bark Beetles Damaged Rubber Tree After Cold Injury in Southeastern Yunnan

作　　者：阿红昌[1] 段波[1] 王树明 

机构地区：[1]云南省热带作物科学研究所,云南景洪666100 [2]云南省红河热带农业科学研究所,云南河口661300

出　　处：《热带农业科技》2011年第4期4-7,共4页Tropical Agricultural Science & Technology

摘　　要：调查了2011年1月云南滇东南橡胶树遭受特大寒害后,引发了以橡胶树小蠹虫类为主的次期性害虫的严重发生和危害,共调查橡胶树6 541株,其中受小蠹虫危害株418株,橡胶树虫蛀率6%,共采集成虫标本232头,种类分属小蠹科Scolytidae、长小蠹科Platypodidae、锯谷盗科Siovanidae、露甲科Nitidulidae等4科4属5种,暗翅材小蠹(Xyleborus semiopacus)和对粒材小蠹(Xyleborus perforans)为优势种;调查还对由于频繁的自然灾害和长年的营养失衡导致橡胶树群体衰退是橡胶林次期性害虫大发生的潜在和根本的原因进行探讨;提出需要对滇东南植胶环境重新研究和评价,对植胶半个多世纪所依循的技术体系和经营体制进行重新审视,以期实现重大变革,使滇东南植胶业得以持续发展。Secondary pests and bark beetles damaged rubber trees seriously since severe cold injury had occurred in Southeastern Yunnan in January, 2011. Investigation shows that the percent of infected tree reaches to 6%. Of 232 collected adults sampies, belong to 4 families （Scolytidae, Platypodidae, Siovanidae and Nitidulidae ）, 4 genera and 5 species in respectively, Xyleborus semiopacus Eichhoff and Xyleborus perforans Wollaston are the dominant species. Frequent natural disasters and longterm nutritional imbalance resulting in population decline was the major reason of rubber tree pest outbreak. It is suggested that review and evaluation of rubber-planting environment is needed in southeastern Yunnan, and the innovation of the technical and management system supported more than half a century is also needed. Then natural rubber industry will obtain sustainable development in Southeastern Yunnan.

关 键 词：橡胶树 寒害 次期性害虫 小蠹虫 滇东南 

分 类 号：S794.107[农业科学—林木遗传育种]