三峡建坝后洞庭湖区泥沙淤积变化对血吸虫病流行因素的影响  

Impact of Changes in Mud Siltation of Dongting Lake on the Endemic Factors of Scllistosomiasis After Building Three-Gorge Dam

作　　者：蔡凯平[1] 左家铮[1] 贺宏斌[1] 卓尚炯[1] 胡钢 

机构地区：[1]湖南省寄生虫病防治研究所,414000

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2000年第1期1-3,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：总理基金资助

摘　　要：[目的 ]　预测三峡建坝后洞庭湖泥沙淤积变化对血吸虫病流行因素的影响。 [方法 ]　分区域洲滩抽样的前瞻性研究。 [结果 ]　洞庭湖泥沙约 80 %来自长江。入湖三口泥沙含量最高 ,其流经的洲滩 ,优势植被为芦苇 ,家畜活动数量少 ,感染螺密度低 ;省内入湖四水泥沙含量低 ,洲滩优势植被为莎草、柳林 ,家畜活动数量多 ,感染螺密度高。三峡建坝后 5 0年内入湖泥沙减少 80 %以上。 [结论 ]　三峡建坝后 5 0年内 ,洞庭湖洲滩钉螺分布面积增长速度将减慢 ;部分芦苇滩将向草滩、芦杂滩退化 ;家畜传染源数量将增加 ;疫源地面积将增加 ;进入这些地带活动的人群血吸虫感染率可能上升。Objective] To predict the impact of changes in mud siltation of Dongting Lake after building Three-Gorge dam on the endemic factors of schistosomiasis. [Methods] Prospective studies were carried out by sampling regionally on lake beaches. [Results] About 80% of mud and sand in Dongting Lake came from the Yangtzc River. The three inlets through which water flows the River to the Lake contain great amount of mud and sand. On the beaches along which the water passes, the main vegetation is reed and fewer domestic animals are herded there, and so the density of infected snails is low. Water from the four rivers to the Lake in the Province contains lower amount of mud and sand, and on the river beaches the main vegetation is cypcrus sp and willow. Many domestic animals are herded there and the density of infected snails is high. It is estimated that with in 50 years after Three-Gorge project the mud silting into the Lake would be decreased by more than 80%. [Conclusion] Within 50 years after Three-Gorge project, the snail-ridden area on the beaches of Dongting Lake tends to increase slowly; some reed beaches would be degencrated to grass and weed beaches; number of infeeting soures of domestic animaly will increase; area of endemic toci will be enlarged; and infection rate of schistosomiasis among the population who enter these areas for different activities would possiblly increase.

关 键 词：三峡工程 泥沙淤积 血吸虫病 流行病学 

分 类 号：R532.210.1[医药卫生—内科学]