鲍曼不动杆菌耐药性变化与抗生素使用频度分析  

Analysis of Acinetobacter baumannii resistance and DDDs of antibacterial drugs used commonly

作　　者：唐亚娟[1] 苏力[1] 陶天伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]华北电网有限公司北京电力医院,北京100073

出　　处：《中国药物应用与监测》2011年第6期369-371,378,共4页Chinese Journal of Drug Application and Monitoring

摘　　要：目的:分析我院2007–2009年鲍曼不动杆菌分离及耐药性变化和常用抗菌药使用频度。方法:采用API鉴定细菌,K-B纸片扩散法测定抗菌药物敏感性,WHONET 5.4软件进行数据分析;采用世界卫生组织推荐的限定日剂量(DDD)法分析常用抗菌药物的用药频度。结果:我院2007–2009年鲍曼不动杆菌的临床分离率由4.26%上升至5.10%;鲍曼不动杆菌对多种常用抗菌药物的耐药率有不同程度的上升,其中,头孢菌素类耐药率增幅最大,头孢呋辛由25.18%上升到81.15%,亚胺培南由11.37%上升到29.11%;抗菌药物的总DDDs逐年增加,12种常用抗菌药物中头孢菌素类的年总DDDs值增长了34.30%,以一代头孢增长最高为143.75%;碳青霉烯类增长了63.33%;单环β-内酰胺酶抑制剂复合物比2007年增长了61.78%;喹诺酮类药物中左氧氟沙星DDDs呈负增长,2009年下降最多为29.98%。结论:除头孢呋辛、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、亚胺培南/西司他丁外,鲍曼不动杆菌对其他常用抗菌药物耐药率呈上升趋势。Objective： To analyze the isolation and drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii and the frequency of commonly used antibacterial agents from 2007 – 2009.Methods： The API was used for identification of bacteria,K-B disk diffusion method was applied for determining susceptibility to antimicrobial agents,WHONET 5.4 software was used for data analysis;the frequency of commonly used antibacterials was analyzed by the defi ned daily dose（DDD） method recommended by the WHO.Results： The clinical isolating rate of Acinetobacter baumannii increased from 4.26% to 5.10% in 2007 – 2009 in our hospital.The resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to multiple antibacterials increased to varying degrees,the resistance rates to cephalosporins increased most,the resistance rate to cefuroxime increased from 25.18% to 81.15%,the imipenem resistance rate raised from 11.37% to 29.11%.The total DDDs of antimicrobials increased year by year.In 12 kinds of commonly used antimicrobials,the total DDDs of cephalosporins increased by 34.30% per year,and the growth rate of the first generation of cephalosporins was the most（143.75%）;the DDDs of carbapenems increased by 63.33%;the DDDs of simple ring beta-lactamase inhibitor compound increased 61.78% than that of in 2007;the DDDs of levo？ oxacin had a negative growth with the decrease rate of 29.98% in 2009.Conclusion： In addition to cefuroxime,cefoperazone/sulbactam and imipenem/cilastatin,the resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to other antimicrobial drugs showed an ascendant trend.

关 键 词：鲍曼不动杆菌 耐药性 抗菌药物 用药频度 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]