煤矿下山巷道爆破掘进技术试验研究  

Experimental study of blasting technology of dip roadway excavation in coal mine

作　　者：李廷春[1] 刘洪强[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学山东省土木工程防灾减灾重点实验室,山东青岛266590

出　　处：《岩土力学》2012年第1期35-40,47,共7页Rock and Soil Mechanics

基　　金：山东省高等学校科技计划项目(No.J09LE01)

摘　　要：为解决煤矿下山巷道爆破掘进中普遍存在的循环进尺小、炮眼利用率低、爆后矸石堆积迎头、留底严重等问题,基于"裂槽、抛碴"思想,有机结合直眼和斜眼掏槽的各自优点,设计了含抛碴眼的楔形掏槽方式这一新型掏槽结构。在华恒矿-1 000水平副暗斜井,通过改变掏槽眼的布置位置和起爆顺序、设置抛碴辅助眼等措施,结合弧形和直线形组成的混合型辅助眼布置方式,制定出3种下山巷道爆破掘进技术方案并进行现场试验。通过掘进进尺、残眼深度、巷道成型、抛碴距离、矸石块度、矸石高度等指标,评价设计方案,最终优选出一种综合指标最好的爆破方案。该矿采用此技术,月进尺提高了40%以上,验证了该技术在下山巷道爆破掘进中的有效性。In order to overcome the defects such as short single cycle footage, low utilization of blast-hole, too many blasting fragment pieces assembled near the roadway heading face, insufficient excavation of dip roadway floor and so on, that often occur in dip roadway excavation, the new cut formation of wedge cut with assisted holes that used to enhance the thrown effect of fragment pieces is designed. The designing of the new cut formation bases on the new idea that using the middle empty holes to assist the broken cut holes in throwing the fragment pieces out of the cut cavity during the blasting. For the sake of proving the advantage of the new cut formation, many in-situ experiments are conducted in the Huaheng coal mine. By means of changing the layout of the cut holes, changing detonating sequences, setting special auxiliary holes to increase the throw distance of the blasting fragment pieces, and using mixed arrangement type of auxiliary holes, three kinds of design schemes of dip roadway blasting excavation are formulated. Through the analysis of single cycle footage, depth of the blast-hole left after blasting, outline of the laneway after blasting, thrown distance of the fragment pieces, lumpiness of the fragment pieces, and height of the fragment pieces in front of the roadway heading face, the perfect blasting design is put forward, of which the overall indicator is the best. Thanks to the technique, the single cycle footage of the coal mine increases by 40% everymonth. The success of the test proves the Validity of the technique to overcome the defects in coal mine dip roadway excavation.

关 键 词：下山巷道 爆破掘进 掏槽方式 现场试验 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]