内蒙古草地资源合理利用与草地畜牧业持续发展  

RATIONAL USE OF GRASSLAND RESOURCES AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY IN INNER MONGOLIA

作　　者：赵萌莉[1] 许志信[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农牧学院草原科学系,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《资源科学》2000年第1期73-76,共4页Resources Science

摘　　要：内蒙古天然草地资源丰富，草地面积７ ８８０ ×１０４ ｈｍ２ ，占中国草地面积的２２ ％ 。由于长期的利用和管理不善，畜牧业生产难以持续发展。内蒙古草地资源的现状是：草地退化，土壤沙化；气候干旱，降水减少；草地植被退化，牧草产量低；草地生态环境恶化，鼠虫害增加。草地畜牧业生产存在畜草矛盾突出；畜产品数量、质量下降；抗灾能力弱等问题。究其原因是多方面的，但主要是人为的不合理利用草地资源而引起的。因此，草地畜牧业可持续发展的策略和措施是：发展生态畜牧业；走畜草平衡、增草增畜的道路；因地制宜；加强草原管理，合理利用草地资源；建立“效益型畜牧业”的经济体制。只要坚持草地开发利用与建设相结合，内蒙古草地畜牧业生产的潜力是较大的，并可持续发展。Grassland in Inner Mongolia constitutes an important grazing land in China which covers an area of 7 880 ×10 4hm 2 under grassland conditions,or 22% of the total grassland area of China. The current situation of grassland resources in Inner Mongolia is grassland degradation,soil dertification,climatic drought and decline in precipitation,grassland vegetation degradation,drop of herbage yield,and deterioration of grassland ecosystem.Therefore,it is impossible to develop grassland animal husbandry in a sustainable way ,resulting in certain contradictions such as that between animal population and herbage yield. Of the numerous reasons accounting for the result,human factors of irrational utilization of the grassland constitute the major one. Corresponding measures hence should be taken such as to develop ecological animal husbandry,to enforce grassland management,to use grassland in a rational way,etc.

关 键 词：草地资源 畜牧业 持续发展 内蒙古 资源利用 

分 类 号：S812.8[农业科学—草业科学]