豫南山区典型林地土壤入渗特征及影响因素分析  

Characteristics and influencing factors of soil infiltration of typical forest lands in southern mountains of Henan Province

作　　者：闫东锋[1] 杨喜田[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学林学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2011年第6期43-50,共8页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"不同植被恢复策略下土壤与植物根系的协同演替机制"(30872019)

摘　　要：为弄清典型林地不同发育阶段表层土壤入渗性能差异规律及其影响因素,通过在豫南山区开展野外调查与室内分析,模拟和分析土壤入渗过程及特征,研究土壤理化性质、地表根系结构对土壤渗透能力的影响。结果表明:1)各个林地类型土层厚度0～10 cm层的土壤渗透能力均高于10～20 cm层;初渗率、稳渗率、前30 min入渗量在各土层深度中均表现相同的趋势,即30 a马尾松针叶林>30 a麻栎阔叶林>30 a麻栎+马尾松混交林>荆条灌丛>20 a麻栎阔叶林>20 a麻栎+马尾松混交>20 a马尾松针叶林;20 a、30 a林分中,平均稳渗率最高的林分类型分别是麻栎阔叶林和马尾松针叶林,分别为3.140和4.256 mm/min。2)土壤渗透特性指标均与土壤有机质质量分数、毛管孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度、根体积密度、根表面积密度存在显著的相关关系(P<0.05);对土壤渗透能力影响最大的土壤理化性质指标和根系结构指标分别是非毛管孔隙度和根表面积密度,典型相关负荷量分别达到0.559和0.773。In order to ascertain soil infiltration capability and analyze its influencing factors at different developmental stages of typical forest lands in southern mountains of Henan Province,soil infiltration process was simulated to analyze their characteristics,effect of physical and chemical properties of soil and root structure on soil infiltration was studied by field sampling and laboratory analysis.The results indicate that,1）soil infiltration capacity of various types of forest land in 0-10 cm layers was higher than that in 10-20 cm layers;the initial and stable soil infiltration rate,accumulated infiltration capacity within initial 30 minutes in different soil depths changed in the same order： 30-year-born Pinus massoniana coniferous forest 30-year-born Quercus acutissima broad-leaved forest〉 30-year-born Quercus acutissima＋Pinus massoniana mixed coniferous〉 shrub 〉20-year-born Quercus acutissima broadleaf forest〉20-year-born Quercus acutissima＋Pinus massoniana mixed coniferous〉 20-year-born Pinus massoniana coniferous forest.The forest lands that had the highest mean values of final infiltration rate in 20-year-born and 30-year-born forests were Quercus acutissima forest（3.140 mm/min） and Pinus massoniana forest（4.256 mm/min）.2）There was a notable relationship（P〈0.05） between soil permeability index and soil organic matter content,capillary porosity,non-capillary porosity,root volume density,root surface area density;for the soil infiltration capacity the most important indicators of soil physical and chemical characteristics and root structure were capillary porosity and root surface area density respectively,and the canonical correlation coefficient of which were 0.559,0.773 respectively.

关 键 词：土壤入渗性能 土壤理化性质 根系结构 影响因素 典型相关分析 典型林地 

分 类 号：S791.27[农业科学—林木遗传育种]