中国北方主要沙漠沙尘粒度特征比较研究  

The Research on Grain Size Characteristic of Desert in North of China

作　　者：霍文[1] 何清[1] 杨兴华[1] 刘新春[1] 丁国锋 程玉景 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,乌鲁木齐830002 [2]和静县巴音布鲁克气象站,新疆巴音布鲁克841314 [3]库尔勒市气象局,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2011年第6期6-11,共6页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201006012);国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2008BAC40B05-01);国家自然基金项目(40975097);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项(IDM201001);中国沙漠气象科学研究基金(Sqj2009002)

摘　　要：粒度分析在区分沉积环境、判定物质输运方式、判别水动力条件和分析粒径趋势等方面具有重要作用。对塔克拉玛干沙漠、库姆塔格沙漠、巴丹吉林沙漠、腾格里沙漠、毛乌素沙地沙尘粒度参数进行了分析比较研究。结果表明:风沙天气过程中,塔中沙漠地区平均粒径Ф值2.95～3.59,标准偏差0.03～0.98;肖塘沙漠过渡带平均粒径Ф值2.93～4.56,标准偏差0.01～0.1;库姆塔格平均粒径Ф值1.55～2.92,标准偏差Ф值0.41～1.11,偏度0.11～0.31,峰度0.77～1.23。巴丹吉林沙漠平均粒径Ф值分别为1.6～1.8,毛乌素沙地为1.7～2.0,腾格里沙漠为1.7～2.3,库布其沙漠为2.1～2.4。库布其沙漠标准偏差Ф值最小0.46～0.51,巴丹吉林沙漠次之为0.55～0.68,腾格里沙漠居中为0.41～0.65,毛乌素最大为0.81～0.91。腾格里沙漠大部分样品为正偏,巴丹吉林与毛乌素为负偏。平均粒径肖塘最小,其次塔中,余下依次为库姆塔格沙漠、库布其、腾格里、毛乌素、巴丹吉林沙漠。肖塘标准偏差Ф值最高,分选最差,其它依次为毛乌素沙漠、塔克拉玛干沙漠、库姆塔格沙漠、腾格里沙漠、巴丹吉林沙漠,库布其分选最好。在频率曲线上反映肖塘、库姆塔格、库布其沙漠细颗粒偏多,塔克拉玛干沙漠、毛乌素、腾格里、巴丹吉林沙漠粗颗粒偏多。Analysis on grain size of the sediment is very important to differentiate sedimentary environments,determinate the ways of sediment transport,estimate hydrodynamic conditions and analyze grain size trends.Grain size parameters of sand dust in Taklimakan Desert,Kumtag Desert,Badain Jaran Desert,Tengger Desert and Mu Us Sandland were analyzed and compared.The results showed that during sandy and dust weather,the mean grain size values and standard deviation of Tazhong were 2.95～3.95 and 0.03～0.98,respectively,however,those of Xiaotang transition zone were 2.93～4.56 and 0.01～0.1,respectively.The kurtosis value of Xiaotang desert transition zone was higher,and that of Tazhong desert district was lower.The mean grain size values,standard deviation,skewness and kurtosis were 1.55~2.92,0.41~1.11,0.11~0.31 and 0.77~1.23,respectively.Mean values of grain size in Badain Jaran Desert,Mu Us Sandland,Tengger Desert and Kubuqi Desert were 1.6~1.8,1.7~2.0,1.7~2.3 and 2.1~2.4,respectively.The standard deviation of Kubuqi Desert was the lowest,0.46~0.51,while the value of Badain Jaran Desert was 0.55～0.68,0.41～0.65 for Tengger Desert,0.81～0.91 for Mu Us Sandland.Most samples of Tengger Desert positively deviated,while the samples of Badain Jaran Desert and Mu Us Sandland negatively deviated.The orders in lower size to mean grain size were Xiaotang,Tazhong,Kumtag Desert,Kubuqi Desert,Tengger Desert,Mu Us Sandland and Badain Jaran Desert.The orders in higher value to standard deviation were Xiaotang,with the worst sorting features,Mu Us Sandland,Taklimakan Desert,Kumtag Desert,Tengger Desert,Badain Jaran Desert,Kubuqi Desert,with the best sorting features.The distribution frequency shapes reflected that there was more fine silt in Xiaotang,Kumtag Desert and Kubuqi Desert and here was more coarse silt in Taklimakan Desert,Mu Us Sandland,Tengger Desert and Badain Jaran Desert.

关 键 词：沙漠 平均粒径 标准偏差 偏度 峰度 

分 类 号：P425.55[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]