红壤缓坡地不同经营模式水土保持效益研究  

Study on Soil and Water Conservation Benefit under Different Agro-forest Compound Management Patterns on Red Soil Sloping Land

作　　者：武琳[1] 黄欠如[1,2] 叶川[1,2] 钟义军[1] 章新亮[1] 成艳红 孙永明 

机构地区：[1]江西省红壤研究所,南昌331717 [2]江西省红壤改良工程中心,南昌331717

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2011年第6期132-135,共4页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑项目"红壤水土流失阻控关键技术研究"(2009BADC6B01);水利部行业专项"红壤侵蚀区坡面水土综合整治技术集成与示范(200901049)";"十二五"国家科技支撑计划重点项目"红壤地区农田水土保持关键技术与示范"(2011BAD31B04)

摘　　要：在江西进贤采用径流小区实验,以自然裸露为对照,研究分析果园、农地、草地、农果复合、草果复合等不同利用方式对水土流失的影响,筛选红壤侵蚀区缓坡地水保效益最佳的经营模式。结果表明:(1)与自然裸露相比,单独的果园、农地、草地模式地表径流降低幅度为24.22%～46.83%,农果和草果模式地表径流量分别减少43.7%和53.22%,差异显著(p<0.05);(2)与自然裸露相比,果园、农地、草地等经营模式土壤侵蚀量降低幅度为23.63%～78.30%,而农果和草果复合模式则降低了66.66%和76.06%(p<0.05);(3)地表径流和土壤侵蚀量与降雨量具有相关性,且同一雨强降雨量条件下,不同经营模式地表径流和土壤侵蚀量都不同;(4)农果、草果复合模式能有效减轻红壤坡耕地水土流失,是红壤侵蚀区合适的土地经营模式,建议积极推广。Based on the observation in runoff plots experiment in Jinxian,Jiangxi Province,the effects of orchard,crop land,grass land,crop land and orchard compound model,grass land and orchard compound model compared with naked areas（CK） under different land use patterns on controlling water and soil erosion were analyzed and the best compound models of water and soil conservation profits on red soil sloping land areas were screened.Results showed that：（1） compared with bare areas,runoff decreased by 24.22%～46.83% in orchard,crop land,grass land model,43.7% and 53.22% in crop land and orchard and grass land and orchard models,respectively;（2） soil erosion was decreased by 23.63%～78.30% in orchard,crop land,grass land model,66.66% and 76.06% in crop land and orchard and grass land and orchard models,respectively,compared to naked areas;（3） the precipitation was positive correlated with surface runoff and water and soil loss,at the same rainfall,different models of surface runoff and soil erosion are different;（4） crop land and orchard models,grass land and orchard models are some good kinds of water and soil conservation tillage measures.Therefore,it is suggested that proper agro-fruit and agro-grass ecosystems should be established so as to further control soil erosion in red soil sloping land.

关 键 词：红壤坡耕地 不同经营模式 地表径流 土壤侵蚀 水土保持 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]