高分子吸声材料吸声性能与粘弹性之间的关系  

Relationship Between Acoustical Absorptivity and Viscoelasticity of Acoustical Absorptive Polymer

作　　者：浦文婧[1] 李效东[1] 王清华[1] 

机构地区：[1]国防科学技术大学理学院化学与生物系,湖南长沙410073

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2011年第12期86-89,93,共5页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

摘　　要：高分子吸声材料的声学性能与分子链段运动密切相关,研究高分子吸声材料的链段运动规律对制备性能优异的吸声材料有重要意义。文中选择了常压和高压下吸声特性具有显著变化的硅橡胶(PSO-G)材料和聚氨酯(PU-G)材料,用准静态力学测试了两种材料在不同压力条件下的滞后曲线,计算了不同压力下二者的压缩模量和滞后环面积的相对值。分析材料粘弹性对吸声性能的影响。结果表明,高分子材料的弹性越好,吸声性能越好;高分子材料的滞后损耗越大,其吸声性能越好;高分子的模量越大,其加压条件下的吸声性能越好。The study of the independence of the acoustical absorptivity of polymers on its segmental movement of the chains is important to prepare the acoustical absorptive polymer.The effects of the polymer viscoelasticity on the sound absorption ability were studied by analyzing the relationship between the acoustical absorption coefficient and the quasi-static mechanics.The average acoustical absorption coefficient of PSO-G and PU-G at ambient pressure is 0.9 and 0.6,respectively.While their absorption ability at high pressure is different.The former one almost reaches zero but the latter one increases with the pressure.Based on the quasi-static mechanical hysteresis loop at different pressures,the compression modulus and their relative areas of the hysteresis loop were calculated.The results show that the sound absorption ability of polymer at ambient pressure increases with both the elastic property and the hysteresis loss,additionally the polymer with higher modulus will show better sound absorptivity at higher pressure.

关 键 词：高分子吸声材料 粘弹性 吸声性能 滞后损耗 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]