消费与犯罪——基于改革开放30年的统计数据的分析  

Consumption and crime——Based on the Analysis of Statistical Data In 30 Years of Reform and Opening up

作　　者：杨玲丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海政法学院社会学与社会工作系,上海201701

出　　处：《甘肃行政学院学报》2011年第6期85-97,124-125,共13页Journal of Gansu Administration Institute

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目(10YJC840082);2010年上海高校选拔培养优秀青年教师科研专题基金

摘　　要：改革开放30年以来,我国经济发展取得了举世震惊的成就,但是伴随着社会变迁,犯罪率也在节节攀升。犯罪率的攀升与中国进入消费社会和日益变迁的消费文化密切相关。本文从消费社会学的视角,摘取《中国法律年鉴》和《中国统计年鉴》数据,应用多元线性回归的方法,解释改革开放30年来中国城市的犯罪率的攀升。回归分析结果显示,微观个体层面的"消费支出"和"消费结构"、中观社会层面的"消费差距"、宏观政策层面的"消费价格指数CPI"均对犯罪率有着显著的正影响效应。研究证实了消费社会刺激着人们的消费欲望,培育了消费享乐主义文化,使人们永远处于不满足状态之中,精神空虚,金钱至上,物欲膨胀,欲壑难填,乃至采取违法犯罪行为达到目的。消费社会也制造了一种"攀比消费"文化,使得人们产生越来越大的"心理落差"和"期望差距",很容易产生被剥夺感和反抗意识,激发潜意识中的憎恨而犯罪。总之,消费社会中的多数人把自己定位在社会博弈力量的弱势一端,永远感觉自己口袋里的钱不够多,欲望不能得到满足,最终,越来越多的不满足的人们通过暴力、抢劫、杀人、报复等犯罪行为寻找心理的平衡与满足。As reform and opening up,China's economic development has made shocking success,but crime rates have also risen year after year.Rising crime rates is closely related to consumer culture.From the consumer's viewpoint,this paper explain the climbing of crime rate,with application of multiple linear regression methods.Regression analysis's result showed that personal and family's amount and structure of consumer spending of micro-level,consumption gap between urban and rural areas of middle-level,consumer price index of macro-level all have a significant impact on crime rates.In consumer society,people's desire for consumption is stimulated,culture of hedonism become fostering,people are always in a state of spiritual emptiness,money first,materialistic expansion.They do theft,robbery,corruption,embezzlement,bribery,fraud and other criminal acts to achieve their goals.The culture of competitive consumption has become in comsumer society,and people have resulted in a growing psychological gap and expectation gap.They are been out of the consumer,easy to generate deprivation and resistance,and crime.Moreover,everyone feel vulnerable in the consumer society,never feel enough money in his pocket,people's desire can not be met,violence and crime-prone often happen.In short,this society has become increasingly incompatible,fragmentation,discomfort,and ultimately,more and more people become not satisfied,and find psychological balance and satisfaction by robbery,murder,revenge and other crimes.

关 键 词：犯罪 消费社会 消费文化 社会变迁 消费欲望 社会学 

分 类 号：C913.3[经济管理] D917[社会学]