高效去除水体中氮、磷的植物及组合植物研究  

Screening of hydrophyte plant species with high uptake of N and P potential for remediation of polluted water

作　　者：张敏[1,2] 郭彬[2] 傅庆林[2] 景金富[2] 李华[2] 丁能飞[2] 刘琛[2] 林义成[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学环境与资源学院,浙江杭州311300 [2]浙江省农业科学院,环境资源与土壤肥料研究所,浙江杭州310021

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2011年第6期1210-1215,共6页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07101-006);浙江省公益技术研究社会发展项目(2011C23054);公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(20090300117);浙江省重大科技攻关项目(2005C12025);浙江省科技计划面上项目(2009C33121)

摘　　要：用水培试验比较研究了不同挺水植物(再力花、常绿鸢尾、美人蕉)和浮水植物(黄花水龙、聚草、大漂)及其组合在15 d的培养期间对水中氮、磷的去除效率。结果表明:6种水生植物单独培养下,再力花和大漂的干重增量和吸氮、磷增量最高,对水中总氮、总磷去除率也最高。在挺水与浮水植物组合下,挺水植物的生物增量和去氮、去磷效率较其在单独培养下均有所提高,而浮水植物上述指标均有所下降,表明挺水植物与浮水植物在吸氮、磷方面存在竞争关系,且挺水植物去氮、磷能力强于浮水植物。研究还表明,大漂与再力花的组合对去除水中氮、磷效果均较好1,5 d时去除效率分别达97.9%和90.7%。因此,二者可推荐为高效去除水体中氮、磷的植物及组合植物。Pot experiments were conducted to screen hydrophyte plant species for high uptake potentials of N and P.The plants including three kinds of emerged plants,namely Thalia dealbata,Iris tectorum,Canna indica,and three kinds of floated plants,namely Ludwigia peploides,Myriophyllum spicatum,Pistia stratiotes.The results showed that： among all these species,the dry weight,uptakes of N and P,and the highest abilities of removal of N and P from water of Thalia dealbata and Pistia stratiotes were found in 15 d pot experiments.Furthermore,when combining emerged plants with floated plants into a pot experiment,the increase in dry weight,and the abilities of removal of N and P of emerged plant were higher than those of floated plants.Combination of Thalia dealbata with Pistia stratiotes could remove 90.7% of P and 97.9% of N during 15 d growth period.Thus,these two spices could be recommended as ideal plants in remediation of N and P polluted waters.

关 键 词：水生植物 磷 氮 去除能力 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]