多层结构船舶机舱火灾烟气充填数值计算  

Numerical calculation of fire flue gas filling in ship engine room with multilayer structure

作　　者：王亮[1] 苏石川[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏科技大学能源与动力工程学院,江苏镇江212003

出　　处：《交通运输工程学报》2011年第6期56-61,共6页Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21106058);江苏科技大学科研基金项目(2008JD010J)

摘　　要：应用大涡模拟技术,建立了多层结构船舶机舱火灾的过滤平衡方程组与Smagorinsky亚格子模型。采用二阶有限差分法对空间变量进行离散,采用显式二阶预估校中法对流动变量进行离散,采用显式二阶Runge-Kutta法对时间变量进行离散,分别求解了速度场、温度场、烟气浓度与烟气层高度,比较了多层结构与单层结构船舶机舱火灾烟气充填变化规律。分析结果表明:多层结构烟气蔓延速度与面积大于单层结构烟气蔓延速度与面积;在单层结构中,烟气在200s时快速充满整个舱室,在多层结构中,烟气在1 500s时充满整个舱室;在2种结构下,冷空气层与热烟气层温度随时间的增长先升高后降低,在机舱上部的最高温度分别为170℃与250℃;在机舱底部,多层结构与单层结构的最高温度分别为175℃与100℃。Based on large eddy simulation, the filtered balance equations and the Smagorinsky subgrid-scale model of fire in ship engine room with multilayer structure were established. Second-order finite difference method was used to disperse spatial variables, explicit second-order predictor-corrector scheme method was used to disperse flow variables, and explicit second-order Runge-Kutta method was used to disperse time variables. Velocity field, temperature field, flue gas concentration and the height of flue gas layer were solved respectively, and the change laws of fire flue gas filling in ship engine rooms with multilayer structure and monolayer structure were analyzed. Analysis result shows that the spread speed and area of flue gas in multilayer structure are greater than those in monolayer structure. When ship engine room with monolayer structure is full of flue gas, filling time is 200 s, while the filling time of ship engine room with multilayer structure is 1 500 s. Under two structures, the temperatures of cold air layer and hot flue gas layer almost increase at first then decrease, the maximum temperatures at the tops of ship engine rooms are 170 ℃, 250 ℃ respectively, however, the maximum temperatures at the bottoms of ship engine rooms are 175 ℃, 100 ℃ respectively. 3 tabs, 5 figs, 15 refs.

关 键 词：船舶安全 船舶机舱 多层结构 火灾 烟气充填 大涡模拟 

分 类 号：U698.4[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]