花生高效施氮计算机专家决策系统  

A Computer Decision System for Economic Application of Nitrogen Fertilizer in Peanut

作　　者：王才斌[1] 郑建强 万更波 杜立书 杨洪宾 闫传胜 朱传宝 

机构地区：[1]山东省花生研究所,山东青岛266100 [2]烟台市农技站,山东烟台264001 [3]莱西市农技站,山东莱西266600 [4]临沂市农技站,山东临沂276001 [5]济宁市农技站,山东济宁272037 [6]菏泽市农技站,山东菏泽274025 [7]聊城市农技站,山东聊城252053

出　　处：《花生学报》2011年第4期27-30,共4页Journal of Peanut Science

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划(2009BADA8B03);青岛市公共领域科技支撑计划项目(10-3-3-20-nsh-2);山东省农业重大应用技术创新课题"花生丘陵旱地改良培肥与连作高产栽培技术研究"和"鲁南花生中低产田产量持续提升关键技术研究";山东省自主创新成果转化重大专项(2009ZHZX1A1303)

摘　　要：花生高效施氮专家决策系统是在课题组多年多点氮肥试验及根瘤固氮研究,且吸收了目前花生同领域的最新研究进展的基础上建立的。本系统在以下几个方面取得了较大进展。(1)该系统充分考虑了气候、土壤及农业措施等对作物产量的综合影响,总结出确定适宜目标产量的方法,使目标产量既能充分发挥土壤的增产潜力,实现作物的高产高效,又不至于因目标产量过高而造成肥料浪费。(2)研究明确了花生田土壤校正系数、植株根瘤供氮率、氮肥利用率与荚果产量的关系。(3)将缓释肥和根瘤菌等技术引入氮肥高效施用体系中,并建立了相关数学模型。(4)该系统经生产大面积应用,增产节氮效果显著,一般比常规施肥增产7%～13%,节氮20%～40%。表明该系统所建立的相关模型与实际生产较为吻合,具有较强的实用性。A computer decision system for economic application of nitrogen fertilizer in peanut was established based on the results of nitrogen fertilizer and nitrogen fixation research of multi-year and multi-site, and latest progress in relative area both at home and abroad in peanut. The system made great progress in the following items： （1） By adequately considering the factors influencing decision system, such as climate, soil and agricultural pratices, a method to determine the suitable terget yield was developed. It could fully exert soil potential for increasing peanut yield and avoid wasting of excessive fertilizer. （2） It studied and definited the relationship between regulate coefficient of soil, rate of nitrogen fixation, nitrogen utilization efficiency and yield of pod. （3） By taking slow-release fertilizer and rhizobium into the system, relevant mathematical models were established. （4） By the large area application, it showed significant results on increasing yield and redueing nitrogen application. On the average, yield of peanut was increased by 7% to 13%. The save of nitrogen fertilizer was more than 15%, higher up to 20%. It indicated that the models established by the system are fully consistent with actual production, and had strong practicability.

关 键 词：花生 氮肥 高效施用 计算机 决策系统 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学] S143.1