硝化抑制剂双氰胺对褐土中尿素转化的影响  

Effects of Nitrification Inhibitor Dicyandiamide on Ammonium and Nitrate Nitrogen Transformations in Cinnamon Soil

作　　者：刘瑜[1,2] 串丽敏[2] 安志装[2] 赵同科[2] 赵丽平[2] 高忠义 李英 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北保定071000 [2]北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所,北京100097 [3]北京市密云县太师屯镇农业服务中心,北京101504 [4]北京市密云县农业技术推广站,北京101503

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2011年第12期2496-2502,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：沿湖地区农业面源污染阻控关键技术研究(2007BAD87B01);国家科技支撑计划:沿密云官厅水库集约化种养殖农业面源污染防控技术研究与示范(2007BAD87B02);中国-加拿大IPNI国际合作项目:北京市菜田土壤养分优化管理研究与示范;农业部环境保护项目:华北地区大中城市郊区农业生产区域地下水硝酸盐监测与评价

摘　　要：采用好气土壤培养法,研究北京地区典型褐土中添加不同浓度水平硝化抑制剂双氰胺(Dicyandiamide,DCD)条件下土壤中铵态氮、硝态氮变化规律。结果表明,44d培养期内,DCD施用显著提高土壤中NH4+-N浓度,降低NO3--N浓度,1%、2%、3%、4%和5%DCD用量处理条件土壤NH4+-N平均浓度比单施尿素对照处理分别升高29.50%、71.84%、99.73%、98.90%和139.69%,NO3--N平均浓度降低3.71%、15.61%、21.07%、33.57%和37.90%。综合反映NO3--N和NH4+-N变化规律的土壤表观硝化率指标变化结果表明,1%、2%、3%、4%和5%DCD用量处理比对照分别降低12.18%、35.35%、44.82%、48.18%和59.93%;1%、2%、3%和4%DCD处理达到平衡时间分别延迟7d、14d、14d和21d,5%DCD处理表观硝化率一直较低,直到培养结束仍呈升高的趋势;2%、3%、4%DCD处理表观硝化率升高速率显著下降(分别降低39.32%、40.00%和52.27%)。综合考虑作物氮素需求规律、环境效应和使用经济效益,4%DCD用量效应最佳,具有较好的土壤铵氧化抑制效果,有助于提高氮素利用率,减少环境流失。An aerobic soil incubation experiment was carried out to study the effects of different levels of the nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide（Dicyandiamide,DCD） on the transformations of nitrate nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen in Beijing cinnamon soil.The results showed that during the 44 days incubation period,the application of DCD resulted in significantly higher concentrations of soil NH＋4-N and lower concentrations of NO-3-N in the soil.When the application rate of DCD was 1%,2%,3%,4% and 5%,the average soil NH＋4-N concentration was increased by 29.50%,71.84%,99.73%,98.90% and 139.69%,the average NO-3-N concentration was decreased by 3.71%,15.61%,21.07%,33.57% and 37.90%,compared with the urea control respectively.The comprehensive index of soil apparent nitrification rate,reflecting the change rule for NO-3-N and NH＋4-N,was decreased by 12.18%、35.35%、44.82%、48.18% and 59.93%,respectively.And the reaching balance date of them delayed 7 days,14 days,14 days and 21days at the levels of 1%,2%,3% and 4%,respectively.It has showed a rising trend until the incubation end at the level of 5%,always lower than the control,and the increase rate was significantly decreased by 39.32%,40.00%,52.27% at the levels of 2%,3%,4%,respectively.Based on a combination of crop N requirements,environmental benefits and economic factors,the optimum rate of DCD was 4%,with a good inhibitory effect of ammonium oxidation,whilst helping to improve nitrogen use efficiency,and reducing environmental impacts.

关 键 词：DCD用量 好气培养 NH4+-N NO3--N 表观硝化率 

分 类 号：S143.91[农业科学—肥料学]