京珠高速公路(衡阳段)乡土植物数量分类及其在生态绿化中的应用  

The Numerical Classification of Native Plants and Its Application in the Ecological Virescence in Jingzhu Expressway (the Hengyang Zone)

作　　者：谢振华 李红 陈志阳[3] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省衡阳市林业局,湖南衡阳421000 [2]湖南省衡阳市林业科学研究所,湖南衡阳421000 [3]湖南环境生物职业技术学院园林系,湖南衡阳421005

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2011年第31期310-316,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：湖南环境生物职业技术学院院长科研基金青年资助项目"衡阳盆地紫色土丘陵坡地自然恢复灌丛阶段主要种群生态位特征"(Z09-01)

摘　　要：为了研究京珠高速公路（衡阳段）乡土植物数量分类及其在生态绿化中的应用,对京珠高速公路（衡阳段）的乡土植被类型及植物种类进行全面调查,应用模糊聚类方法对其数量进行分类,并结合植物本身的生物学、生态学及生理学特征,筛选出适合衡阳段高速公路两侧绿化带、边坡绿化的乡土植物种类以及生态绿化模式。结果表明：衡阳路域共有维管束植物352种,隶属于99科232属,且可分为4个植物群丛类型,它们分别是：Ⅰ.杉木＋马尾松-夹竹桃＋山茶花-假俭草＋淡竹叶群丛;Ⅱ.黧蒴＋乌桕-夹竹桃＋紫薇-类芦＋臭牡丹群丛;Ⅲ.黧蒴＋深山含笑-八角枫＋香叶树-积雪草＋佛甲草群丛;Ⅳ.构树＋女贞-芒＋鹿蹄草群丛,筛选出50种生态绿化的乡土植物,并根据不同的生境条件,按照群落学的原则设计3种生态绿化模式,它们分别是Ⅰ.草本＋藤本模式（位于公路外0~10m）;Ⅱ.灌木＋草本＋藤本模式（位于公路外10~15m）;Ⅲ.乔木＋灌木＋草本＋藤本模式（位于公路外15~20m）。这将丰富该区域植被生态学与恢复生态学的内容,为京珠高速公路（衡阳段）的生态绿化提供一定的理论依据。In order to study the numerical classification of native plants and its application in the ecological virescence in Jingzhu expressway （the Hengyang zone）,based on the overall investigation to the native plants type and category,classification of plant community in Jingzhu expressway （the Hengyang zone） by fuzzy classification analysis,the author chose native plant category and ecological greening and viresence models by biological,ecological,physiological traits.The results showed that：there were about 99 families,232 genus,352 species of vascular plants in the area,and they could be divided into 4 types：Ⅰ.Ass.Cuninghamia lanceolata＋Pinus massoniana-Cinnamomum bodiniera＋Camellia oleifera-Eremochloa ophiuroides＋ Lophatherum gracile;Ⅱ.Ass.Castanopsis fissa＋Sapium discolor-Cinnamomum bodiniera＋Lagerstroemia indica-Neyraudia reynaudiana＋Clerodendrum bungei;Ⅲ.Ass.Castanopsis fissa＋Michelia maudiae-Alangium chinense＋Lindera communis-Centella asiatca＋Sedum lineare;Ⅳ.Ass.Broussonetia papyrifera＋Ligustrum lucidum-Miscanthus sinensis＋Pyrolacalliantha,50 of which were considered suitable for ecological virescence in Jingzhu expressway （the Hengyang zone）.Then 3 models,includingⅠ.Herbage＋rattan model（located in the 0-10 m）;Ⅱ.Shrub＋herbage＋rattan model （located in the 10-15m）;Ⅲ.Tree＋shrub＋herbage＋rattan model（located in the 15-20 m） were designed by phytocoenology principles,to accelerated the process of vegetation restoration.This study will to some degree enrich and broaden the vegetation ecology and restoration ecology of the area and provide theoretical basis for the ecological virescence in Jingzhu expressway（the Hengyang zone）.

关 键 词：乡土植物 高速公路绿化 生态绿化 生态恢复 京珠高速 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学]