地球化学在物源及沉积背景分析中的应用  

Application of Geochemistry in Provenance and Depositional Setting Analysis

作　　者：毛光周[1,2] 刘池洋[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学地质科学与工程学院山东省沉积成矿作用与沉积矿产重点实验室,山东青岛266590 [2]西北大学含油气盆地研究所大陆动力学国家重点实验室,陕西西安710069

出　　处：《地球科学与环境学报》2011年第4期337-348,共12页Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment

基　　金：西北大学大陆动力学国家重点实验室科学技术部专项项目(BJ081334);国家自然科学基金重点项目(90814005);国家科技重大专项研究项目(2008ZX05023-001-002);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2003CB214600);山东科技大学科学研究"春蕾计划"项目(2010AZZ009)

摘　　要：物源分析是盆地分析和古地理分析不可或缺的内容和方法,地球化学在物源及沉积背景分析中起着非常重要的作用。运用文献研究法对"地球化学在物源及沉积背景分析中的应用"有关文献进行了研究,分析阐述了常量元素分析、稀土-微量元素分析以及裂变径迹、K-Ar、Ar-Ar、Rb-Sr、Sm-Nd、U-Pb、Re-Os、S、O、Si同位素分析等方法及其优势与不足。结果表明:常量元素、稀土-微量元素分析在源区物质组成、构造背景、源区风化强度、成分成熟度及氧化-还原条件判别方面有很好的应用效果;各种同位素分析体系在不同目的的研究中具有自身优势,均得到了很好的应用。但影响岩石化学成分的因素较多,特别是对于沉积岩,很容易受外生营力的影响;物源及沉积背景分析中的地球化学方法运用单一;对研究区区域地质情况的研究不足。为此,建议在利用地球化学方法进行物源及沉积背景分析时,需要充分认识影响碎屑沉积物化学组成的因素,综合运用多种方法进行物源区分析,扬长补短,同时要特别注意对区域地质情况的研究。Provenance analysis is indispensable to basin and palaeogeography analysis, and geochemistry plays an important role in provenance and depositional setting analysis. The related literatures about the application of geochemistry in provenance and depositional setting analysis were studied; major element analysis, rare earth element-trace element analysis and isotope analyses such as fission track, K-Ar, Ar-Ar, Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd, U-Pb, Re- Os, S, O, Si, etc. were discussed, and the advantage and disadvantage of the above methods were analyzed. The results showed that maior element analysis and rare earth element-trace element analysis had good application effect on material composition, tectonic setting, weathering intensity, compositional maturity and oxidation-reduction condition of provenance; the isotope analyses had their own advantages in different studies, and all had good application effect. There were many factors on chemical composition of rocks, especially for sedimentary rock, it was easily affected by exogenous effect; geochemistry methods in provenance and depositionai setting analysis were few; the research on regional geology was inadequate. Therefore, it is suggested that the factors on chemical composition of clastic sediment should be fully studied when geochemistry methods are used to analyze the provenance and depositional setting, and multiple methods can be synthetically used and the study on regional geology should be paid more attention to.

关 键 词：物源分析 构造背景 常量元素 稀土元素 微量元素 裂变径迹 同位素 地球化学 

分 类 号：P512.2[天文地球—地质学] TE121.3[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]