工业化时期英国的城市社会问题及初步治理  

Preliminary Management for "Urban Disease" during British Industrialization

作　　者：李明超[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州国际城市学研究中心暨杭州师范大学杭州研究院,浙江杭州310002

出　　处：《管理学刊》2011年第6期46-51,108,共6页Journal of Management

基　　金：杭州师范大学科研立项课题(HSQK0073);杭州师范大学国家项目培育基金课题(2010PYjj49)

摘　　要：随着工业化进程加速推进,英国出现了较为严重的城市社会问题,主要体现为城市住房紧张、环境污染加重、居民生活贫困、城市道德滑坡和建设失序。在社会各界的支持下,英国政府对城市公共领域进行了干预,使日益严重的城市社会问题得到了初步治理。英国城市社会问题的初步治理是多方力量综合作用的结果,工业城市地位的提升和工人阶级处境的改善使城市社会问题受到各方关注,有识之士的个人努力是解决城市社会问题的推动力量,政府的干预是城市社会问题最终得以解决的主体力量。由此可以得出如下结论:在早期城市发展过程中必须强调政府在城市管理中的主导地位,同时还要充分发挥民间组织和社会力量的作用,在自然与社会协调发展的基础上探索城市发展的新模式。Along with the acceleration of industrialization,serious urban social problems arose in Great Britain,it chiefly embodied housing shortage,serious environmental pollution,the poor life people lived,residents' morality decline and anarchy of urban construction.Then the British government began to intervene urban public fields supported by all circles in the society,as a result,the increasingly severe problems had been preliminarily improved.The settlement of these issues is due to comprehensive effect of diverse forces.The rise of status of industrialized cities and improvement of situations of working class were being closely watched by all society,here individual effort of persons with breadth of vision was one of the forces,government intervention had been playing the main role all the time.Thus.we can conclude that the status of main role of the government in urban management must be emphasized,simultaneously non-governmental organizations and others are necessary as well in the early urban development,in the end we should search for a new pattern for urban development in the view of balanced development between nature and society.

关 键 词：工业化时期 英国 城市 社会问题 城市管理 启示 

分 类 号：C912.81[经济管理] K561.43[社会学]