软碎矿岩倒台阶分次落矿和光面爆破控顶技术  

A Study on the Technology of Inverted Bench Step Explosion and Smooth Blasting Roof Controlling

作　　者：任建平[1,2] 焦华喆[3] 阳雨平[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国瑞林工程技术有限公司,江西南昌330031 [2]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南长沙410083 [3]北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院,北京市100083

出　　处：《有色冶金设计与研究》2011年第6期1-4,8,共5页Nonferrous Metals Engineering & Research

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BAB02A01);国家自然科学基金重点项目(50934002)

摘　　要：通过工业试验研究软碎矿岩条件下矿体的倒台阶分次落矿和光面控顶技术。根据矿岩参数确定爆破参数,提出斜眼掏槽分台阶爆破方案。试验结果:爆破最大抛掷距离为5.5～6.9 m;爆堆松散系数:1.55～1.62;炮孔利用率:89%～93%;炸药单耗:1.49～1.55 kg/m3。爆破后顶板基本平整,平均凹凸量<0.1 m,出现了少许微裂隙;孔痕较少,约30%且分布不均匀、不连续。确定合理的光爆层参数为:爆破间距0.45～0.5 m,抵抗线0.5～0.6 m。与原方案相比,新方案每循环炮孔数减少12%,炸药单耗降低了18.4%～32.3%,炮孔利用率提至90%以上。光面爆破后,人工排险工作量和支护作业量明显减少,新爆破方法在技术、经济、安全上优势明显。The industrial experiments are carried out to study the technology of inverted bench mine explosion by stage and smooth blasting roof controlling in broken rock wall. The explosion parameters and the inclined cut-step bench explosion method are determined based on the mine and rock mechanical parameters. The result shows that the maximum casting distance is 5.5-6.9 m, the loose coefficient is 1.55-1.62, bore hole utilization ratio is 89%-93%, the unit volume consumption of dynamite is 1.49-1.55 kg/m^3. The roof and wall rock is mainly smooth, and the protuberance is less than 0.1 m,the bore trace is less than 30% and is distributed asymmetrically and discontinuously. The recommend reasonable smooth explosion parameters is that the bore spacing is 0.45-0.50 m, the minimum resistance distance is 0.5-0.6 m, linear charging density is 0.2 kg/m. Compared with the original program, the technique in this paper makes the amount of bore reducing 12%, the consumption of dynamite decreasing 18.4%-32.3%, and the bore hole utilization ratio up to 89%-93%. After the smooth explosion, the workload of risk-elimination and support is greatly reduced. The new technology is more advantageous in technology, economy and safety.

关 键 词：软碎矿岩 倒台阶落矿 光面爆破 围岩控制 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]