小麦花药培养的基因型效应及优良基因型筛选  

Effect of Genotype on Wheat Anther Culture and Selection of Choiceness Genotype

作　　者：吕学莲[1] 白海波[1] 蔡正云[2] 董建力[1] 高晓原[1] 陈雪[2] 李树华[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏农业生物技术重点实验室,银川750002 [2]宁夏大学,银川750021

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2011年第33期13-17,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区科技攻关项目"小麦生物技术育种";国家自然科学基金"小麦碳同位素分辩率对水分的响应及其遗传研究"(31060190);澳大利亚ACIAR项目"提高中澳旱地小麦水分利用效率"(CIM/2005/111);宁夏回族自治区国际合作项目"小麦节水种质创新与高产节水新品种聚合选育"

摘　　要：为进一步提高小麦花药培养的效率,从而加快花培育种的进程,对140份不同基因型的小麦亲本及其杂种F1和F3代进行花药培养,并对各世代不同基因型小麦的花药培养力进行研究。结果表明：小麦不同基因型及亲本的花药愈伤组织诱导率在2.89%-41.25%之间,平均为3.55%,绿苗分化率在0%-70.00%之间,平均为33.05%;114份不同基因型小麦F1代杂种材料中,有107份材料能够诱导出愈伤组织,愈伤组织诱导率最低为0%,最高为76.25%,平均为11.59%,绿苗分化率在0%-160.00%之间,平均为29.20%;F3代材料均能诱导出愈伤组织,愈伤诱导率在4.58%-80.83%之间,平均为16.39%,绿苗分化率在0%-71.43%之间,平均为34.99%。因此,不同基因型小麦材料的愈伤组织诱导率、绿苗分化率和绿苗产率在各材料间差异很大。依据高培养力组合亲本组配的规律,筛选到可作为桥梁亲本的材料（品种）有：‘宁春4号’、JinghongNo.2、‘鉴63’、Chuanmai18、Synthderiv.29589、S111、D-27、‘晋匽746-9’和K6-39等。The aim was to improve the efficiency of wheat anther culture, and quicken the course of anther culture breeding. One hundred and forty different genotypes of wheat materials and F1, F3 hybrids were used for anther culture, and the Anther Culture Response （ACR） of different genotypes on different hybrid generations were also studied. The results showed that： the callus induction of different genotypes of wheat materials ranged from 2.89% to 41.25%, the average was 3.55%, the frequency of differentiated plantlets ranged from 0% to 70.00%, the average was 33.05%. Among the one hundred and fourteen different genotypes of F1 hybrids, there were one hundred and seven genotypes ,which could induce callus, the frequency of callus induction ranged from 0% to 76.25%, the average was 11.59% the frequency of differentiated plantlets ranged from 0% to 160.00% , the average was 29.20% . The F3 hybrids all could induce callus, and the frequency of callus induction ranged from 4.58% to 80.83%, the average was 16.39%, the frequency of differentiated plantlets ranged from 0% to 71.43%, the average was 34.99%. So there were significantly difference on callus induction, frequency of differentiated plantlets and green plantlets of different genotypes of wheat materials. According toACR of different genotypes, selected some materials （varieties） that could be used as bridge parents, such as ‘Ningchun 4’, Jinghong No.2,‘Jian 63’, Chuanmai 18, Synthderiv.29589, S111, D-27,‘Jinyan 746-9’, K6-39, and so on.

关 键 词：小麦 花药培养力 基因型 培养基 高培养力 

分 类 号：S512.12[农业科学—作物学]