不同土壤水势条件下枣树的生长发育研究  

Growth and Development of Jujube under Different Soil Water Potential Conditions

作　　者：赵英[1,2] 汪有科[1,3] 韩立新[3] 李晓彬[3] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]杨凌职业技术学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]中国科学院教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2011年第6期77-80,共4页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：863计划项目(2010AA10A302-1);国家农业转化资金课题(2009GB2G000359)

摘　　要：通过设定4个不同的土壤水势区间,研究不同土壤水势条件对枣树生长发育的影响。结果表明,在-23～-526kPa的土壤水势范围内,较低的土壤水势条件有利于枣树日最大茎直径的增加,但会使叶面积指数减小,透光率增加;在果实膨大期,土壤水势为-526kPa(相对田间持水率的27%)时,枣果萎蔫,复水后恢复正常生长状态;土壤水势越高,枣树挂果数越多,单果质量、单产量随之增大,但土壤水势高于-68kPa时,单果质量、单产量却略有降低。-68～-84kPa是榆林红枣产业区适宜的土壤经济水势区间。Through setting four different treatments of the soil water potential, it was researched that the effects of soil water control on the growth and development of jujube. The results showed, ①in the soil water potential range of -23--526 kPa, under the more lower soil water potential condition, the maximum trunk diameter of jujube tree was increased, while the leaf area index was decreased and the rate of pervious light was increased. ②In the period of fruit expanding, fruit would wilt when the soil water potential was -526 kPa （27% relatively field capacity）, but could return to normal condition after irrigating. ③Under the higher soil water potential condition, fruit number of per tree, single fruit weight and total yield in 666.7 m^2 of jujube tree were increased, but when the soil water potential was higher than -68 kPa, the single fruit weight and total yield were decreased slightly. It was concluded that -68-84 kPa was the proper economic soil water potential in the Yulin jujube industry area.

关 键 词：土壤水势 枣树 日最大茎直径 生长发育 萎蔫 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]