低碱度间歇法制备壳聚糖的工艺研究  

Study on Preparing Technics of Chitosan by Low-alkalinity Batch Process

作　　者：叶霞[1] 刘长霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]沧州师范学院化学与环境科学系,河北沧州061000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2012年第1期349-351,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河北省教育学会"十二五"教育科研规划课题(XHXNO.12170024)

摘　　要：[目的]研究低碱度间歇法制备壳聚糖的最佳工艺。[方法]通过单因素试验,研究碱浓度、液固比、反应温度、反应时间、碱处理次数和乙醇碱液的重复使用对甲壳素脱乙酰化反应的影响,并将该法与传统的水溶液碱液法进行了比较。[结果]低碱度间歇法制备壳聚糖的适宜条件:反应介质为95%乙醇,反应温度为90℃,氢氧化钠的浓度为19%(m/V)和2 h+2 h+2 h间歇式反应,并加入少量的抗氧化剂硼氢化钠。[结论]在相同液固比情况下,该试验法制备壳聚糖比传统水溶液碱液法可以节省70%～80%的烧碱、2/3以上洗涤用水,大大缩短反应时间,且无碱液排放顺应环保要求。[Objective] The research aimed to study the optimum preparing technics of chitosan by low-alkalinity batch process.[Method] Based on single-factor test,the influences of alkali concentration,liquid-solid ratio,reaction temperature,reaction time,processing times of alkali and reusage of ethanol alkali liquor on deacetylation reaction of chitin were studied.Moreover,the method was compared with the traditional aqueous alkali method.[Result] The suitable condition of chitosan preparation by low-alkalinity batch process： reaction medium was 95% ethanol,reaction temperature was 90 ℃,NaOH concentration was 19%（m/V）,and 2 h＋2 h＋2 h batch reaction.Moreover,a small amount of antioxidant（NaBH4） was added.[Conclusion] Under the same liquid-solid ratio,compared with the traditional aqueous alkali method,the method could save by 70%-80% of NaOH and 2/3 washing water,and greatly shorten reaction time.Moreover,the emissions without alkali liquor complied with environmental requirements.

关 键 词：低碱度 间歇法 壳聚糖 制备 

分 类 号：X505[环境科学与工程—环境工程]