杜鹃红山茶2n花粉自然发生及其诱导初步研究  

Study on 2n Pollen under Natural Condition and Induction in Camellia azalea Wei

作　　者：王有兵[1,2] 徐斌[2] 张方秋[2] 段安安[1] 潘文[2] 张凤良[1,2] 朱报著[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学,昆明650224 [2]广东省林业科学研究院

出　　处：《广东林业科技》2011年第6期9-15,共7页Forestry Science and Technology of Guangdong Province

基　　金：国家"十一五"林业科技支撑项目"优质杜鹃红山茶;吊钟花新品种选育"(2006BAD01A1802);广东省林业科技创新专项资金项目"杜鹃红山茶;火焰木等木本花卉产业化关键技术研究与示范"(2009KJCX010);广州市林业科技计划项目"杜鹃红山茶新品种选育"

摘　　要：初步观测了杜鹃红山茶的2n花粉自然发生情况,证实杜鹃红山茶有未减数花粉的存在,其自然发生比例为0～1.81%。有效诱导花芽大小筛选结果表明,花芽纵轴为18～25 mm时均可起到诱导作用,较为有效的诱导时期为花芽纵轴在22～23 mm之间;最优的2n花粉诱导处理方式为0.5%秋水仙素+2%DMSO棉浸2 d、0.1%秋水仙素+2%DMSO棉浸5 d、1.0%秋水仙素+2%DMSO注射2次、1.0%秋水仙素+2%DMSO注射3次,其平均2n花粉得率分别为16.57%,7.88%,6.62%和6.37%。通过对不同倍性花粉萌发动态观察,发现2n花粉的萌发较正常花粉要滞后1～2 h,花粉管生长也较缓慢。随着2n花粉体积的增大,萌发率逐渐降低。Observation of spontaneous occurrence of 2n pollen in Camellia azalea Wei, confirmed the exist- ence of unreduced pollen in them. 2n pollen＇s occurrence value 0 - 1.81%. Effective induction buds screening resuits showed that the treatments can obtain 2n pollen when the flower buds polar length is 18 - 25 mm, especially in 22 -23 mm is the most effective treatment stage; The best treatments is 0.5% ＋ 2% DMSO cotton wraped 2 days, 0.1% ＋ 2% DMSO cotton wraped 5 days, 1.0% ＋ 2% DMSO injection 2 times and 1.0% ＋ 2% DMSO injection 3 times. It＇s average 2n pollen proportion were 16.57% ,7.88% ,6.62% and 6.37%. Through the dynamic observation of different polypoid pollen germination of Camellia azalea Wei, it was found that the germination of 2n pollen later 1- hours than n pollen, and it tube growth rate was also lower, the germination rate of 2n pollen getting lower as its size increases.

关 键 词：杜鹃红山茶 2N花粉 诱导 

分 类 号：S722.3[农业科学—林木遗传育种]