不同光照强度对烤烟生长及品质的影响  

Effect of Different Light Intensity on Growth and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

作　　者：王峥嵘[1] 魏建荣[1] 周兴华[1] 赵勇[1] 周适荔 段树苍 尹剑藤[3] 胡小曼[3] 李佛琳[3] 杨焕文[3] 

机构地区：[1]江苏中烟工业有限责任公司,江苏南京210011 [2]云南省烟草公司丽江市公司,云南丽江674100 [3]云南农业大学烟草学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第B12期14-20,共7页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：中国烟草总公司重大科技专项(110200902034);云南省烟草公司科技项目(09YN022);云南省应用基础研究项目(2008ZC051M);云南省科技厅人才项目(2010CI030)

摘　　要：为找出光照强度对烤烟的影响规律,为烤烟适生性分析及种植区划提供一定的理论基础,以云烟87为材料,进行透光率为24.4%,57.6%,73.2%,100%(对照)的处理,研究了光照强度对烤烟生育期、农艺性状、叶片组织结构、产质量及化学成分的影响。结果表明:(1)光照不足延迟了烤烟生育期进程,各处理大田生育期比对照分别延迟了10,8,5 d。弱光促进株高生长,抑制烤烟叶片数的增加,促进叶片的纵向生长,抑制其横向生长,适度遮光促进面积增加,节距则随着光照的减弱而增加。(2)随着遮阳程度的增加,光照减弱,叶片上表皮厚度、栅栏组织厚度和海绵组织厚度均呈减小的趋势,最厚的为对照,108.64μm,最薄的为透光率24.4%的处理,50.40μm。(3)各遮光处理烟叶的产量、产值、均价和上中等烟比例随着遮光程度的加深而显著减小。其中,产量分别减少了496.5,739.5,1096.5 kg/hm^2,产值分别减少了23 087.3,32 174.6,39 265.4元,均价分别减少了5.0,7.3,8.9元,上中等烟比例分别降低了17.1%,47.2%,80.8%。(4)光强的减弱降低了烟叶总糖、还原糖和多酚类物质的含量,而总氮、烟碱、钾、氯和类胡萝卜素含量则随光照强度降低表现出增加的趋势。In order to find out influence law of light intensity to flue-cured tobacco, and provide certain theoretical basis for adaptability analysis and planting districts, taken Yunyan 87 as test material to conducted field experiment which treatments were light transmittance of 24. 4%, 57. 6%, 73.2% and 100% （CK） to study effects of light intensity on growth period, agronomic characters, leaf tissue structure, yield, quality and chemical composition. The results showed： （1） Growth progress was delayed with light inadequate, field growth period of each treatments were deferred 10, 8and 5 d separately. Weak light promoted plant height to grow, while restrained increase of leaf number of flue-cured tobacco, promoted longitudinal growth of leaf, while restrained horizontal growth, moderate shading promoted increase of leaf area, while node length increased as light weakened. （2） Illumination weakened as shading extent increased, upper epidennis thickness of leaf, palisade tissue thickness and sponge tissue thickness presented decreasing trend, the thickest was CK, being 108. 641μm, the thinnest was the treatment which light transmittance was 24. 4%, being 50. 40 μm. （5） Yield, production value, average price, high and middle class leaf proportion decreased strikingly as shading extent deepened. Yield reduced respectively by 496. 5, 739. 5and 1 096. 5 kg/hm^2, production value respectively reduced by 23 087. 3, 3 2174. 6 and 39 265.4 yuan, average price respectively reduced 5. 0, 7. 3and 8.9 yuan, high and middle class leaf proportion respectively reduced 17. 1%, 47. 2% and 80. 8%. （4） content of total sugar, reducing sugar, polyphenolic compounds were decreased as light intensity weakened, while content of total nitrogen, nicotine, potassium, chlorine and carotenoid displayed increased trend.

关 键 词：光照强度 烤烟 叶片厚度 化学成分 

分 类 号：S161.1[农业科学—农业气象学]