基于因子与聚类分析的不同林分土壤理化性质评价  

Evaluation of Soil Physical and Chemical Properties Quality under Different Forest Based on Factor and Cluster Analysis

作　　者：陈琳[1] 赵陟峰[1] 赵廷宁[1] 王娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2011年第5期191-196,共6页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划课题"黄土高原丘陵沟壑半干旱区水土保持抗旱造林及径流林业技术试验示范"(2006BAD03A1201)

摘　　要：基于对半干旱黄土地区抗旱造林示范区定位试验,筛选具有相似地形条件的10块标准地,选择9项反映土壤理化性质的定量指标,采用因子分析及聚类分析对不同配置及密度林分的土壤理化性质进行综合评价,采用系统聚类法对其进行分类。通过因子分析,将9项指标转化为4个主因子:土壤速效养分供应因子、土壤全氮及pH因子、土壤结构持水因子、土壤容重因子。因子得分结果表明:不同林分模式4个公因子差异明显,各林分对土壤理化性质改良各有侧重,落叶松油松混交得分较低,可能是深根性树种对表层土壤改良影响甚微,因子综合得分前三名均为刺槐林(林分密度1 200～1 700株/hm2),依次为刺槐CH2(1 200株/hm2)>刺槐CH1(1 700株/hm2)>刺槐CH5(1 625株/hm2),说明刺槐作为研究区优势种,在改善土壤理化性质方面优势显著,适宜密度下刺槐林对土壤理化性质的改良作用更突出。聚类分析结果表明,将改良土壤理化性质相似的林分化为一类,说明不同植被配置模式对土壤理化性质改良存在相似性,但不同类林分对土壤理化性质改良各有侧重。Based on the positioning experimental in semi-arid loess area,factor（FA） and clusters（CA） analysi were used to evaluate the effect of soil physical and chemical properties by selecting 10 similar conditions criteria,and 9 soil properties that reflect the quantitative indicators.By factor analysis,four soil common qualities（i.e.,soil available nutrient supply factors,soil total nitrogen and pH factors,soil structure,water retention factor,soil bulk density factor） were derived from 9 soil indicators.The FA results show that there are significantly different among different forest types based on 4 common factors;different stands focus on different improvement on soil physical and chemical properties.The type of Larix gmelinii and Pinus tabuaeformis mixed gets low score,which may be deep-rooted trees have little effect on surface soil,the top three integrated patterns with the highest score include Robinia pseudoacacia（stand density 1 200～1 700 plant/hm2）,followed by Robinia pseudoacacia CH2（1 200 plant/hm2）Robinia pseudoacacia CH1（1 700 plant/hm2）Robinia pseudoacacia CH5（1 625 plant/hm2）,Robinia pseudoacacia as the dominant species in the research area,which significantly improved soil physical and chemical properties,suitable Robinia pseudoacacia density is more prominent on improving soil physical and chemical properties.

关 键 词：土壤理化性质 因子分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学]