长江靖江段沿岸似鳊的时间格局及生长特征  

Temporal pattern and growth characteristics of Pseudobrama simoni at Jingjiang Reach of the Yangtze River

作　　者：程兴华[1] 唐文乔[1,2] 郭弘艺[1] 李辉华[1] 沈林宏[3] 顾树信 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学鱼类研究室,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [3]江苏省靖江市渔政管理站,江苏靖江214500

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2012年第1期97-104,共8页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：上海海洋大学博士启动基金(B-8812-11-0193);上海市科学技术委员会重点项目(08391910200);上海市教育委员会E-研究院项目(E03009);上海市重点学科建设项目(S30701)

摘　　要：为了解长江下游沿岸似鳊(Pseudobrama simoni)的种群变动及生长状况,研究了2002-2009年间在靖江沿岸用定置张网采集的每月2次或3次共237份渔获物样本。结果表明:237份样本共有鱼类73 960尾、409 256.23 g。其中似鳊4 253尾、39 618.05 g,分别占总渔获量的5.75%和9.68%。平均每样本19尾、180.08 g,最高达145尾、1714.6 g。时间格局分析表明,似鳊月渔获重量呈非平稳的随机过程,对2002-2009年的月渔获重量进行ARIMA建模拟合,建立了方程为(1-0.387B)(1-B12)lnyt=(1-0.555B12)et的ARIMA(1,0,0)(0,1,1)12的预测模型,该模型对2003-2009年的预测精度达83.21%～93.90%。对2005年采集的全部个体作性别、年龄和生长特征分析,显示似鳊的雌雄性比为1∶2.3。雄性有1～3龄3个年龄组,雌性只有1～2龄2个年龄组,年龄结构明显低于姚江和钱塘江种群。雄性的Von bertalanffy生长方程为:体长Lt=147.17×[1-e-0.1648×(t+3.2036)],体重Wt=44.36×[1-e-0.1648×(t+3.2036)]2.785;推算的渐近体长L∞为147.17 mm,渐近体重W∞为44.36 g。研究亮点:似鳊是长江中下游最常见的经济鱼类之一,但目前生物学资料还很少。本文分析了2002-2009年间采自长江靖江段沿岸的237份似鳊渔获物样本,弄清了年、季和月分布规律,建立了ARIMA预测模型。揭示了种群的性比和年龄结构,获得了主要的生长参数。In order to reveal the population dynamics and growth status of Pseudobrama simony in the Yangtze River,a stow net,40 m in length,1.8 m in height and mesh size 1.86 cm,was set on Jingjiang wetland for the acquisition of 2 or 3 times a month from 2002 to 2009.The results showed that there were 73 960 fish belonging to 237 fish samples.In which,the P.simoni was 4 253 fish,accounting for 5.52 % of the total.The average catch number of P.simoni per haul was 19 while the maximum was145.Among the total 409 256.23 g of fish catch,P.simoni was 39 618.05 g,accounting for 7.67 %.The average catch weight of P.simony per haul was 180.08 g while the maximum was 1 714.6 g.Analysis indicated that monthly fish catch weight of P.simoni presented a Nonstationary Random Process.SPSS V13.0 software was used to construct the ARIMA model based on monthly fish catch data from January 2002 to December 2009 and ARIMA（1,0,0）（0,1,1）12 model included an equation of（1-0.387B）（1-B12）ln yt=（1-0.555B12）et.The fitting precision of ARIMA model was 83.21%-93.90% from 2003 to 2009.Meanwhile,the biomass peak of P.Simony appeared from May to September,which was two or three months later than Hemiculter bleekeri,the first dominant species in the waters.The age and growth characteristics of the individual analysis for P.simoni collected in 2005 showed that the sex ratio of males to females was 2.3∶1 in the population.The males had three age groups from aged 1 to 3 and females only had two age groups from aged 1 to 2,significantly lower than the age structure of populations of Yao River and the Qiantang River.The Von bertalanffy growth equations of male were concluded as Lt=147.17×（1-e-0.1648×（t＋3.2036））,Wt=44.36×[1-e-0.1648×（t＋3.2036）]2.785.The estimated parameters for Logistic growth function were L∞=147.17 mm and W∞=44.36 g.

关 键 词：渔获量 时间格局 ARIMA预测模型 性比 年龄结构 生长参数 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源]