马克思哲学之思想史前提的广义理解  

Broad Understanding of Premise of Ideological History of Marx's Philosophy

作　　者：何中华[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学哲学与社会发展学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《学术月刊》2012年第1期50-61,共12页Academic Monthly

摘　　要：为了全面深刻地领会马克思哲学的丰富内涵,有必要重新理解和厘定马克思哲学的思想史前提。这需要着眼于两方面:一是扩展,二是深化。既要超越德国古典哲学的范围,考察古希腊及其哲学、浪漫主义思潮、基督教传统与马克思哲学的思想史联系;又要重新挖掘康德、黑格尔同马克思之间思想史联系的丰富性。古希腊哲学中的理想主义、自我意识、自由意志、自由、时间等思想因子,影响了马克思哲学的致思取向和风格。作为马克思人的存在的现象学原初范畴的实践所固有的敞开性和生成性,更本然地表达着浪漫主义所推崇的表征"生命"的"推动原则"和"创造原则"。马克思拒绝了基督教带给人的满足的虚拟性质,却保留了满足本身并追求其历史真实性,他终其一生致力于人性和历史在辩证否定的意义上的双重回归。马克思哲学事实上提出了"超验规定的历史建构如何可能"这一核心问题,它类似于康德式的问题,却使之不再囿于认识论问题,而是变成存在论问题,从而赋予超验性以实践对经验世界的创造性建构之义。马克思哲学除了把黑格尔的思辨辩证法改造成为实践辩证法以外,还把他的绝对精神的现象学重铸成为人的存在的现象学。所有这些,都透露出马克思哲学之思想史前提的多维丰富性。In order to understand the rich connotation of Marx＇s philosophy comprehensively and deeply, it is necessary to re-understand and redefine the premise of ideological history. This should emphasize two aspects： one of them is transcending classical （;erman philosophy, to investigate the connection of ideological history of Marx＇s philosophy and ancient Greece and its philosophy, Romantic trend, Christian tradition; the second aspect is to re-excavate the richness connection of ideological history between Kant, Hegel and Marx. Marx proposed the question of ＂how could be transcendent regulation＇s historical construction＂, which is similar with a Kant＇s problem, but not limited in the range of epistemology, and change to a problem of ontology; so it endows transcendent the meaning of practice to experience world＇s creative construction. With exception to transform speculative dialectic of Hegel to practical dialectic, Marx also transformed his phenomenology of absolute mind to phenomenology of human existence.

关 键 词：马克思哲学 思想史前提 广义理解 

分 类 号：B0[哲学宗教—哲学理论]