热带海温异常对东南亚夏季风爆发的影响  

THE IMPACT OF THE TEMPERATURE ANOMALY IN THE TROPICAL SEA SURFACE ON THE ONSET OF SUMMER MONSOON OVER SOUTHEAST ASIA

作　　者：赵尔旭[1] 赵刚[1] 琚建华[2] 

机构地区：[1]云南省气象科技服务中心,云南昆明650034 [2]云南省气象局,云南昆明650034

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2011年第6期930-936,共7页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金与云南省联合基金项目(U0833602);国家自然科学基金(40905033)共同资助

摘　　要：通过季风指数Im定义了能表征东南亚地区降水实况的东南亚夏季风指数,根据东南亚夏季风指数测算出东南亚夏季风爆发的平均时间为5月7日。利用东南亚夏季风指数分析热带海温场及垂直速度场的变化后发现,在东南亚夏季风爆发的前期秋、冬季节,中东太平洋地区以及中西印度洋地区的冷海温有利于东南亚地区夏季风的提前爆发。当中东太平洋地区是冷(暖)海温时,对应着纬向的Walker环流及季风环流圈强(弱),东南亚地区的对流也强(弱),则东南亚地区夏季风爆发早(迟)。In this paper,Im is defined as the summer monsoon index of Southeast Asia,which reflects the rainfall there.According to this index,the average onset time of summer monsoon over Southeast Asia is 7th May.Using the index,we analyzed the variations of the SST and vertical velocity field.Results showed that the cold SST of the Middle-East Pacific Ocean and the Middle-West Indian Ocean during precedent autumn and winter can help to trigger earlier onset of the summer monsoon over Southeast Asia.If the SST of the Middle-East Pacific Ocean is colder（warmer）,the Walker zonal circulation and the monsoon zonal circulation are stronger（weaker）,the convection over Southeast Asia is stronger（weaker）,so that the onset of summer monsoon over Southeast Asia is earlier（later）.

关 键 词：气候学 SST 夏季风指数 对流 东南亚 

分 类 号：P461.2[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]