《尔雅》的编纂旨趣、分类思想与训释逻辑  

Compilation Gist, Classification Principle and Hermeneutic Logic in Erya

作　　者：钱荣贵[1] 

机构地区：[1]南通大学杂志社,江苏南通226019

出　　处：《河南大学学报（社会科学版）》2012年第1期152-156,共5页Journal of Henan University(Social Sciences）

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究基金项目"中国编辑思想史研究"(07JA870003)阶段性成果

摘　　要：《尔雅》是我国第一部按义类编排的综合性辞书。其中,至少蕴藏着三个较为明显的编纂思想,一是"齐一殊言,归于统绪"的编纂宗旨,二是"类聚群分,比物连类"的分类思想,三是"由此及彼,递相引申"的训释逻辑。"齐一殊言,归于统绪"是《尔雅》编纂思想的核心,"类聚群分,比物连类"是在此基础上形成的分类思想,其产生同时受到了先秦"方以类聚,物以群分"思想的影响。而"由此及彼,递相引申"的训释逻辑则是编纂旨趣和分类思想共同作用下的产物,这一思想使得《尔雅》篇与篇之间、类与类之间、词条与词条之间、同一词条不同概念之间的联系非常紧密。《尔雅》所体现的三个编纂思想,主次分明,递相引申,共同构成了一个相对完整的思想体系,也由此奠定了《尔雅》在中国训诂史、辞书史上的不朽地位。Erya is the earliest comprehensive dictionary compiled on the system of semantic meanings in China. It embodies at least three comparatively apparent compilation thoughts. Firstly, Erya conveys the compilation gist to standardize Chinese characters expressed differently in various historical stages or between official and dialectical languages. Secondly, it shows the classification principle to classify Chinese characters referring to the same object and collectively expounds their meanings. Thirdly, it displays the hermeneutic logic to connect closely vocabulary entries, semantic meanings and object categories. Being the core of the compilation thoughts in Erya , the compilation gist to standardize Chinese characters helps to form the classification principle which is also influenced by the idea of ＂Birds of a feather flock together＂ in Pre-Qin Dynasty. The hermeneutic logic in Erya is the fruit of ioint efforts between its compilation gist and classification principle. The compilation thoughts create a close relationship among chapters, categories, vocabulary entries, and different concepts of one entry. Distinguishing between the essential and the secondary principles, educing and relating each other, the three compilation thoughts in Erya constitute a comparatively complete system and establish an immortal position for Erya in the histories of Chinese hermeneutics and lexicography.

关 键 词：《尔雅》 辞书 训诂 编纂思想 

分 类 号：G237.4[文化科学]