美沙酮替减疗法治疗海洛因依赖90例护理观察  

The Nursing Observation for 90 Cases of Methadone Treatment for Heroin Dependence

作　　者：童芳[1] 龚昌海[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省攀枝花市第三人民医院药物依赖病区,617061

出　　处：《医学理论与实践》2012年第1期21-22,共2页The Journal of Medical Theory and Practice

摘　　要：目的:观察美沙酮替减疗法治疗海洛因依赖90例的临床护理效果。方法:选用美沙酮替代递减治疗方案,用药剂量个体化。一般情况下,海洛因每天用量在1g以上者,美沙酮替代剂量应为30～50mg,最多不超过60mg。递减程序个别化,大多数可以在15～20d内停药。递减程序安排每天递减药量的20%左右,同时适时给予适量抗焦虑、镇静等药物。后期依据尿吗啡检测作最后调整。毒品检测阴性时则疗程结束。观察组在上述基础上给予综合护理干预。结果:两组患者治疗过程中汉密顿焦虑评分比较有显著性差异(P<0.05);两组患者治疗过程中心理渴求评分比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:美沙酮替减疗法治疗海洛因依赖过程中对吸毒者实施有效、恰当的行为干预及心理护理干预是脱瘾成功的保证。Objective：To observe the clinical care effect of 90 cases with methadone treatment for heroin dependence. Methods：Choose methadone treatment programs according to individual dose. Generally, the amount of heroin in 1g or more daily,methadone dose should be 30 to 50mg, no more than 60mg. The decreasing program individualized, most could be of withdrawal in 15 to 20 days. Down procedural arrangements for decreasing daily dose was about 20%, while giving due course to the amount of anti-anxiety, sedative and other drugs. The late detection of morphine in urine was by a final adjustment. When the drug testing was negative, it can be regarded as the end of treatment. The observation group was given comprehensive nursing intervention based on the above. Results：The Hamilton anxiety scores for the two groups were significantly difference（P〈0. 05）. The craving scores for the two groups during the treatment were significantly different（P〈0. 05）. Conclusion： Methadone treatment for heroin dependence by the process of drug is effective, and appropriate behavioral interventions and psychological withdrawal nursing intervention are the guarantee of success.

关 键 词：美沙酮 替减疗法 海洛因依赖 护理观察 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]