再生水灌溉下草地早熟禾耗水特征及灌溉制度研究  

Water Consumption Characteristics and Irrigation Scheduling of Poa pratensis L.under Reclaimed Water Irrigation

作　　者：王勇[1] 彭致功[2] 白玲晓[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学内蒙古节水农业工程研究中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010022 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100044

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2012年第1期39-43,共5页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：内蒙古应用技术研究与开发资金项目(20090514);内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目(NJC07036)资助

摘　　要：以再生水充分灌(A1)、再生水适宜灌(A2)、再生水轻微干旱胁迫(A3)、再生水中度干旱胁迫(A4)4种水分处理的田间试验为基础,结合水量平衡方程、Penman-Monteith公式、作物系数(Kc)和需水系数(a)的计算方法及当地1955-2002年气象资料,研究了再生水灌溉条件下早熟禾的耗水特性、结构组成和灌溉制度。结果表明,再生水灌水量与早熟禾(Poa pratensis L.)生育期的总耗水量、耗水强度、灌溉水的消耗比例呈明显正相关,与降水消耗比例和灌溉水利用效率呈负相关,与剪草量和水分利用效率呈开口向下的二次抛物线关系;4种水分处理下,早熟禾的耗水量60%以上来自降水,A4处理的降水消耗比例达69.09%;作物系数与作物需水系数的变化规律相似,与灌水量呈明显正相关,在7、8月份最大达1.91～1.73(4种水分处理)。最后推荐出了25%、50%、75%和95%4种水平年的灌溉制度。Based on the field experiments, in which four water treatments, respectively as copious irrigated （A1）, feasible irrigated （A2）, light drought stress （A3） and medial drought stress （A4） were designed, the paper mainly studied water consumption charac-teristics, structure and irrigation schedule of Poa pratensis L. under reclaimed water irrigation. The methods combined water balance equation, penman-monteith equation, computing methods of crop coefficient （Kc） and water requirement coefficient （a） with local precipitation data from1955 to 2002. The results showed that the irrigation amount of reclaimed water was correlated positively with total water consumption, rates and irrigational consumption proportion, negatively with precipitation consumption proportion and irrigation water use efficiency, and turned seconddegree parabola with the amount of cutting grass and water use efficiency. Under the four water treatment, the 60% of Poa pratensis L. water consumption was from precipitation, and the precipitation consumption proportion of A4 reached 69.09%. The change regularity of crop coefficient and water requirement coefficient was similar and positively correlated with irrigation amount, reached the maximum of 1.91-1.73（four treatments） in July or August.At last, the irrigation schedules on four levels as 25%, 50%, 75% and 95% are recommended.

关 键 词：再生水 早熟禾 耗水 作物系数 灌溉制度 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程]