高原部队官兵防寒保障认知情况调查  

AN INVESTIGATION ON THE COGNITION OF PREVENTION OF COLD INJURY AMONG TROOPS AT HIGH ALTITUDE

作　　者：肖忠海[1] 刘嘉瀛[1] 张东祥[1] 崔建华[2] 杨丹凤[1] 王军[1] 王引虎[2] 汪海[1] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院卫生学环境医学研究所,天津300050 [2]解放军第十八医院

出　　处：《解放军预防医学杂志》2011年第6期408-411,共4页Journal of Preventive Medicine of Chinese People's Liberation Army

基　　金：国家重大新药创新专项(No.ZXJ 0915-03B)

摘　　要：目的调查高原边防部队基层官兵和卫生干部对防寒保障认知情况,为加强高原边防部队防寒教育、提高高原冷损伤防治水平提供科学依据。方法采用整群抽样现场答卷方式。对海拔5000m以上高原边防哨卡部队100名基层官兵和12名卫生干部进行防寒保障知识、冻伤诊断与治疗等情况进行调查。结果多数基层官兵对高原防寒保障基本知识有一定了解,但还存在一些认识误区,如对饮酒不利于防寒、吸烟易诱发冻伤的正确认知率仅为46.9%和44.4%,对不能赤手接触过冷物品、行军休息时不能在路旁睡觉的正确认知率为74.4%、80.7%。高原卫生干部对防寒教育较重视,但有不少人对于冻伤主要症状和治疗方法存在模糊或错误认识,个别人员未完全掌握冻伤部位融化前、后的治疗方法。如对冻结部位融化后可出现水肿、冻区融化后需防止再次冻结的正确认知率均为0,对冻结部位融化前需采用温水快速复温再涂冻伤膏治疗的正确认知率为83.3%。结论高原官兵对防寒保障基本常识有一定了解,但尚存在认识误区。应进一步加强高原部队防寒卫勤保障工作方面的宣传和教育,保障官兵健康。Objective To investigate the cognition of cold injury prevention in soldiers, and medical officers stationed at high altitude, in order to provide scientific evidence for enhancing education of cold injury prevention, and improving prevention and treatment of cold injury. Methods A total of 100 soldiers and 12 medical officers stationed at altitude（ 〉 5000 m high） were selected by cluster sampling and were investigated with questionnaire. Results Most of the soldiers had certain knowledge and also some misconceptions about prevention of cold injury. For example, the percentage of correct understanding of not touching supercooled object with bare hands; drinking, or smoking may induce cold injury;not sleeping by the wayside at rest in a march were 74.4%, 46.9%,44.4%, and 80.7% respectively. Though the medical officers relatively laid stress on prevention of cold injury, they also had some misconceptions on clinical symptoms and therapy of frostbite. For example, the percentage of correct understanding the knowledge of preventing refreezing after thawing of frostbitten tissues; rapid rewarming frozen tissues in warm water before thawing, and then apply 1% furacin ointment; edema may be seen in frozen area were 0,83.3 %, and 0 respectively. Conclusion The soldiers and officers at high altitude have certain knowledge of cold injury prevention, but they have some misconceptions. It is necessary to strengthen the propagation and education on the knowledge of prevention of cold iniury.

关 键 词：高原冻伤 冷损伤 防寒保障 认知情况 

分 类 号：R188[医药卫生—流行病学]