浮绳式网箱框架纲波浪力特性的初步试验研究  

Preliminary Experimental Study of the Wave Force Properties on the Ropes in Frame of Floating Rope Cage

作　　者：马家志[1] 吴佳兴 宋伟华[1] 木下健[3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋学院水产学院 [2]浙江省海洋与渔业局 [3]东京大学生产技术研究所

出　　处：《浙江海洋学院学报（自然科学版）》2011年第6期471-477,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40876049);浙江省优先主题重大项目(2008C12065-1);国家星火计划项目(2006EA700119);浙江省科技厅项目(2006C32002);浙江省自然科学基金项目(X506309);2009年浙江省农业标准化重点研究项目(浅海围网设施与生态养殖技术标准研究)

摘　　要：结合生产的实际需要,沿海浮绳式网箱生产的作用日益突出,因而研究其水动力特性非常重要。根据这一需要,采用预加张力的直交系泊方法,依据目前柔性浮绳式网箱尺寸和渔具模型试验方法设计、制作了一个柔性浮绳式网箱模型(1 m×1 m×1 m),并进行了水槽试验。试验工况为规则波,周期为0.8～2.0 s(间隔0.2 s),波高为50～250 mm(间隔40 mm)。在不同波浪周期、波高下,根据测量数据,分析研究作用在浮绳式网箱框架纲上波浪力的特性。试验结果表明:波浪力的变化与波浪特性相似,呈周期性、不对称变化,垂直于波浪方向的2根框架纲的波浪力峰值比与波浪方向平行的2根框架纲的稍小。框架纲上的波浪力不是同步变化的,存在一定相位差,但由于框架纲是柔性绳索制成的,因而能承受由于不同相位波浪力产生的扭矩剪切作用,证明了波浪作用下HDPE网箱常受到破坏而浮绳式网箱安然无恙的事实。最后,就水流和波浪共同作用下的网箱水动力学进行了试验研究,发现波流共同作用下的水动力值并不是单独在纯流和纯波下的水动力的值的简单相加,而存在一修正项。With the practical needs of production,coastal floating rope cage has increasingly prominent role.Thus,it is important and meaningful to carry out study of the hydrodynamic properties of a floating rope cage system under the effects waves in order to design better cages.A model of the floating rope cage（1 m×1 m×1 m）was designed according to the dimension of deep-sea cage in the method of pre-tensioned orthogonal mooring.The experiment was done in flume.The regular waves were generated in the experiment,with wave periodvarying from 0.8 to 2.0 s（0.2 s interval）and the wave height from 50 to 250 mm（40 mm interval）.The wave force was surveyed by tension transducer linked together with the computer.Then the data was analyzed,effects on the wave force properties of the ropes in frame from waves in different wave heights and periods.The conclusions were as following： Firstly,the wave force on the mooring lines change periodically and asymmetrically,which was similar to the experimental waves.At the same time,when analyzed the wave forced on the ropes in frame,it was found that： the peak values of the two ropes which were perpendicular to wave direction were smaller than that of the two ropes which were parallel to wave direction in cage A.Secondly,The changes of the wave force of the ropes were not synchronously,with some phase different.However,the frames were made of flexible ropes,so they can taken twisting moment and shearing action by wave force of various phases different,which proved the fact that HDPE sea cages were easily to be destroyed while floating rope cages were relatively safe.Finally,the experimental investigation on the hydrokinetics under combined action of wave and current were carried out.It is found that hydrodynamic force value was not equal to sum of hydrodynamic force values in the pure current and pure wave,and there was a correction term.

关 键 词：养殖网箱 浮绳式网箱 水槽试验 波浪力 

分 类 号：S955.9[农业科学—水产养殖]