长白猪与成年人房室交点区的解剖学比较  

Comparative study on anatomy of crux area between pig and audlt human

作　　者：戚江涛[1] 陈志国[2] 郭东姣[1] 陈骁[1] 殷中伟[1] 陈柳莹[1] 阙冬冬[1] 马建军[3] 郭志坤[3] 

机构地区：[1]新乡医学院,本科2008级河南新乡453003 [2]新乡医学院基础医学院 [3]新乡医学院人体解剖学实验室

出　　处：《解剖学研究》2011年第6期452-453,457,共3页Anatomy Research

基　　金：新乡医学院大学生科研基金(2010)

摘　　要：目的观测家猪房室交点区解剖学特征,为比较解剖学积累资料。方法采用30例长白猪心脏在新鲜状态下测量房室交点区相关数据,建立几何模型处理数据。10%甲醛固定48 h后,用过氯乙烯—丙酮填充剂灌注左、右冠状动脉及其分支,心大静脉及其属支。解剖并观测房室交点区结构。结果左、右后房室沟和后室间沟呈"Y"型相交。后房间沟呈弧形凸向左心房,在房室交点区与左后房室沟相交。以"Y"型交叉点和心尖区距交叉点最远处连线为猪心长轴,弧形后房间沟到长轴的最远距离为(20.58±14.45)mm,后房间沟与长轴的交点到两后房室沟交点的距离为(22.79±10.93)mm。左、右后房室沟夹角为(148.19±57.06)°,左后房室沟与后室间沟夹角为(101.95±19.46)°。房室交点区内观察到"U"型弯曲、心中静脉及其属支和神经。结论家猪与成人房室交点区表面观不同,后房室沟、后房间沟和后室间沟位置关系与成人有差异。Objective To observe the similarities and differences of anatomic features in crux between pig and adult human,and accumulate anatomic data for comparative anatomy.Methods 30 cases of fresh pig hearts were used to obtain data of crux and establish geometric model.And then,they were fixed by 10% formaldehyde for 48 hours.Left and right coronary artery and great cardiac vein were filled with vinyl perchloride-cetone.At last,hearts were dissected to observe contents in crux.Results The left and right atrioventricular groove and posterior interventricular groove presented ＂Y＂ type intersection.The posterior interatrial groove bulged to left atrium in arc-shaped and intersected with left atrioventricular groove.Make the line passing the intersection of ＂Y＂ and the farthest point in apex cordis as the long axis of the heart.The farthest point of the posterior interatrial groove was（20.58±14.45）mm far from the axis.The intersection between the axis and the posterior interatrial groove was（22.79±10.93）mm far from that between the left and right atrioventricular grooves.The left,right atrioventricular groove had an included angle of（148.19±57.06）°.The angle between left atrioventricular groove and posterior interventricular groove was（101.95±19.46）°.Atrioventricular node artery,middle cardiac vein and other anatomical structures were observed in crux.Conclusion There are some differences on surface view of crux between pig and human.There are also some differences in the ubiety of the left,right atrioventricular groove and the posterior interatrial groove.

关 键 词：猪 心 房室交点 比较解剖学 

分 类 号：R322.1[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]