中国西部两个省（市）农村留守与非留守儿童忽视状况  

The situation of children neglect between left-behind children and living-with-parents children in rural areas of two western provinces of China

作　　者：钟引[1] 钟朝晖[1] 潘建平[2] 王应雄[3] 刘晨煜[1] 杨新[1] 胡晨[1] 蔡林利[1] 徐亚[4] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学公共卫生与管理学院流行病学教研室,400016 [2]西安交通大学医学院公共卫生系 [3]重庆医科大学基础医学院 [4]重庆医科大学临床学院

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2012年第1期38-41,共4页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（30872127）

摘　　要：目的了解中国西部地区农村留守与非留守儿童忽视现状及影响因素。方法采用“中国农村儿童忽视评价常模”中制定的量表和评价方法，采用分层多级整群抽样方法，于2010年12月分别在陕西省和重庆市各抽取3个区（县），再在每个区（县）抽取部分0—6岁农村儿童共1568名作为调查对象，用忽视率和忽视度描述其受忽视状况，采用logistic回归方法分析影响忽视率的影响因素。结果在1568名调查对象中，留守与非留守儿童数分别为859和709名，总的忽视率为29．78％（467／1568），忽视度为48．51±6．49。留守儿童与非留守儿童的忽视率分别为34．34％（295／859）、24．26％（172／709）（P〈0．05），忽视度分别为49．59±6．54、47．19±6．18（P〈0．05）。0～2岁组留守儿童与非留守儿童忽视度分别为48．59±6．33、45．78±5．94，3～6岁组分别为50．43±6．60、48．25±6．16；男童组留守儿童与非留守儿童忽视度分别为49．83±6．67、47．36±6．28，女童组分别为49．32±6．38、47．01±6．08（P值均〈0．05）。0～2岁组留守儿童与非留守儿童忽视率为39．33％（153／389）、18．54％（56／302）；男童组留守儿童与非留守儿童忽视率为34．91％（162／464）、25．13％（94／374），女童组分别为33．67％（133／395）、23．28％（78／335）（P值均〈0．05）。留守儿童中父亲文化程度低、儿童与母亲关系疏远者更容易受到忽视（OR值分别为1．29、1．55，P值均〈0．05），非留守儿童中父亲职业为务农或外出务工、父母之间关系不好者更容易受到忽视（OR值分别为0．85、1．92，P值均〈0．05）。结论西部地区农村儿童忽视状况较为严重，留守儿童的忽视率和忽视度均高于非留守儿童，且两组儿童忽视率的影响因素各有不同。Objective To understand the children neglect situation of left-behind children （children who do not grow up with their parents） and non-left-behind children in China＇s western rural and its influencing factors. Methods Scales and evaluation methods in the ＂ Chinese rural child neglected evaluation model＂ were used in this study. The investigation was conducted by using multistage stratified cluster sampling method; three countries were sampled randomly in Shanxi and Chongqing in November 2010,respectively. And, in every county, children from rural area aged from zero to six were randomly selected,with neglect rate and degree to describe their neglected status, using logistic regression analysis to analyze factors affecting the neglect rate. Results Among 1568 subjects （859 left-behind and 709 living- with-parents）, the total neglect rates were 29.78% （467/1568）, and the total neglect degrees were 48.51 ±6. 49; the neglect rates for left-behind ones and living-with parents ones were 34. 34% （295/859） and 24. 26% （172/709） （P 〈 0. 05 ） ;the neglect degree were 49. 59 ± 6. 54 and 47.19 ± 6. 18 （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The neglect degree among left-behind ones and living-with parents ones between 0 to 2 years old were 48.59 ± 6.33 and 45.78 ± 5.94 （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; in 3 to 6 years old group, which were 50.43 ± 6.60 and 48.25 ± 6. 16 （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The degrees in boy＇ s group of these two kinds of children were 49. 83 ± 6. 67,47.36 ± 6.28 （P 〈 0. 05） and girl＇s were 49. 32 ± 6. 38,47.01 ± 6. 08 （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. On the other side, the neglect rate of left-behind and non-left-behind children between 0 to 2 years old were 39. 33% （153/389） and 18.54% （56/302）（P 〈0.05）. The rates of boy＇s group were 34.91% （162/464） and 25. 13% （94/374） （P 〈 0. 05）, and girl＇s were 33.67% （ 133/395 ） and 23.28% （ 78/335 ） （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Results showed that if the left-behind child＇s father was with lower education background, and

关 键 词：中国 农村 儿童忽视 儿童伤害 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]