土壤盐渍化程度对造林的影响  

Effect of Soil Salinity Degrees on Afforestation

作　　者：李秀芬[1,2] 朱金兆[2] 刘德玺[3] 魏海霞[3] 杨青山[3] 

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院林木果树研究所,上海201403 [2]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [3]山东省林业科学研究院,济南250014

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2012年第1期56-59,共4页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家林业局"948"引进项目"保育基盘法播种造林成套技术引进"(2006-4-47);"十一五"国家林业科技支撑计划"防海岸带侵蚀沿海泥质海岸防护林体系研究与示范"(2009BADB2B0602)

摘　　要：为了探讨土壤盐渍化程度对造林结果的影响,以便有效利用盐碱地资源,在黄河三角洲选择轻(0.8～1.6g/kg)、中(2.0～3.1g/kg)、重(4.7～6.9g/kg)不同盐渍化程度的土地进行绒毛白蜡和侧柏造林,调查分析2种树种在不同盐渍化程度地块上的成活率、株高和地径生长及受害情况。结果表明:绒毛白蜡在轻度和中度盐渍化地块生长良好,成活率分别为94.1%、83.3%,侧柏在轻度盐渍化地块生长良好,成活率为88.9%;2种树种在重度盐渍化地块生长受到显著抑制,成活率分别为22.2%、11.1%,受害叶片增加,达到30%～50%。因此,在黄河三角洲造林,首先要考虑土壤的盐渍化程度,绒毛白蜡可作为轻度和中度盐渍化土地造林的主要树种,侧柏只能用于轻度盐碱地造林。对重度盐渍化土地首先要进行土壤改良,使土壤含盐量达到中度含盐量以下时,再进行造林才能取得好的造林效果。In order to explore the effects of soil salinization on afforestation, and use saline-alkali soil resources effectively, the degrees of mild （0.8-1.6 g/kg）, moderate （2.0-3.1 g/kg）, and severe （4.7-6.9 g/kg） salinity land in the Yellow River Delta were selected for afforestation with Fraxinus velutina Tort. and Platycladus orientalis （L.） Franco. The survival rate, growth of plant height and diameter, and damage symptoms were investigated and analyzed. The result showed that： F. velutina grew well in mild and moderate salinization land, the survival rate were 94.1% and 83.3%, respectively. P. orientalis grew well in mild salinization land, and the survival rate was 88.9%. The growth of two species were inhibited significantly in severe saline land, and the survival rates were 22.2% and 11.1%, respectively. The injured leaves were increased to 30%-50% in severe saline land. It was proposed that to achieve good results of plantation in the Yellow River Delta, key consideration should be soil salinization, F. velutina should be a major afforestation species in mild and moderate salinization land, but P. orientalis should be only used in mild salinity land. Severe salinization land must be improved to moderate before afforestation.

关 键 词：黄河三角洲 盐渍化土地 绒毛白蜡 侧柏 造林 

分 类 号：S728.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种]