微波条件下ZnCl_2改性离子交换树脂催化改质生物油的研究  

Catalytic upgrading of bio-oil by ZnCl_2 exchanged resin with microwave

作　　者：张凤[1] 蒋晓原[1] 楼辉[1] 郑小明[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学化学系催化研究所,浙江杭州310028

出　　处：《燃料化学学报》2011年第12期901-906,共6页Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(973计划;2007CB210204)

摘　　要：在微波加热条件下,以732型阳离子交换树脂和ZnCl2改性离子交换树脂为催化剂,添加乙醇为溶剂,对生物油进行催化酯化改质。比较研究了两种催化剂随催化剂用量、反应时间及反应温度改变对生物油改质效果的影响,同时考察了微波加热与传统水浴加热条件下催化剂的活性。结果表明,酯化过程中ZnCl2改性离子交换树脂比732型树脂活性有较大提高,能更好地提高生物油改质效果且重复性较好;根据GC-MS分析,ZnCl2改性离子交换树脂改质后生物油组分明显优化,除了羧酸转化成酯类外,糖类大分子物质明显减少,酮类、醛类和酚类等对生物油性能不利的组分都在一定程度上被转化;生物油的理化特性得到有效改善,生物油热值相应提高了48.43%;运动黏度降低至提质前的63.71%,密度降低为提质前的80.6%,生物油的物理化学性能得到明显提高。Esterification with microwave, as a new method to upgrade crude biooil, was brought forward according to the composition characteristics of biooil. Crude biooil was upgraded in ethanol using the 732# cation exchange resin and ZnC12 exchanged resin as catalysts and using the microwave as heating resource. The results show that the ZnC12 exchanged resin performs a higher activity duing the upgrading process and the heating by microwave can effectively promote the upgrading process compared to traditional waterbath heating. The analyzed results by GCMS show that the components of upgraded biooil are optimized greatly. Under the best reaction conditions the acetic acid conversion gets to 70.47% and the adverse components such as acids, ketones, aldehydes and phenols in crude biooil are removed during upgrading process. The kinematical viscosity of upgraded biooil decreases by 36.29% and the density decreases by 19.4% compared to that of crude biooil. While the heating value of upgraded biooil increases by 48.43 %, which indicate that the quality of upgraded biooil is obviously improved.

关 键 词：微波 生物油 催化酯化 离子交换树脂 氯化锌 

分 类 号：TQ645.8[化学工程—精细化工]