沙芥属植物染色体数及核型分析  

Chromosome Numbers and Karyotypes of Pugionium Gaertn.

作　　者：季淑丽[1] 张凤兰[1] 郝丽珍[1] 杨忠仁[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学农学院,内蒙古自治区野生特有蔬菜种质资源与种质创新重点实验室,呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2011年第10期1988-1994,共7页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30860174,30460080,30260067);内蒙古自然科学基金(20038025013,2011BS0305);内蒙攻关项目(20050305,20060202)

摘　　要：以沙芥属植物根尖为材料,采用常规压片法,对其染色体数及其核型进行分析,结果表明:本属植物间期核特征为前染色体核型;染色体均为二倍体,沙芥染色体数为2n=2x=22,基数为x=11,宽翅沙芥、斧形沙芥、距果沙芥和齿冠沙芥染色体数为2n=2x=20,基数为x=10;染色体有亚中部着丝点染色体(sm)和中部着丝点染色体(m)2种;沙芥、距果沙芥属于"2A"型,宽翅沙芥、斧形沙芥、齿冠沙芥属于"1A"型,本属植物的核型均为首次报道。根据核型特征进行聚类分析,将染色体数为2n=2x=20的沙芥属4种植物分为两类:第一类距果沙芥;第二类包括宽翅沙芥、斧形沙芥、齿冠沙芥。Pugionium Gaertn.was selected as material,using the method of squash to analyse the features of chromosome.The results suggested that the interphase nuclei were all categorized to be prochromosome type,Pugionium Gaertn.was diploid and had stable chromosome number,the number of P.cornutum（L.） Gaertn.was 2n=22,basic chromosome number was confirmed to be x=11,the chromosome numbers of P.dolabratum var.platypterum H.L.Yang,P.dolabratum Maxim.,P.calcaratum Kom.,and P.cristatum Kom.were 2n=20,basic chromosome numbers all were confirmed to be x=10;The chromosomes were mainly composed by median region chromosome（m） and submedian region chromosome（sm）.The karyotype types of P.cornutum（L.） Gaertn.and P.calcaratum Kom.were 2A,the karyotype types of P.dolabratum var.platypterum H.L.Yang,P.dolabratum Maxim.,and P.cristatum Kom.were 1A.The karyotype of Pugionium Gaertn.was first reported.The species with 20 chromosomes in Pugionium Gaertn.could be divided into 2 groups by karyotype features cluster.The first group only concluded P.calcaratum Kom.,P.dolabratum var.platypterum H.L.Yang,P.dolabratum Maxim.and P.cristatum Kom.were classed in the second group.

关 键 词：沙芥属 前染色体核型 染色体数 核型分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：Q343.22[生物学—遗传学]