北京山区果园生态系统土壤保持功能及其生态经济价值估算——以北京市平谷区果园为例  

Eco-Economic Value of Soil Conservation Service of Orchard Ecosystems in Beijing Mountainous Area:a Case Study of Orchard in Pinggu District of Beijing

作　　者：田志会[1] 王有年[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京农学院园林学院,北京102206

出　　处：《林业科学》2011年第12期165-171,共7页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：北京市教育委员会科技计划面上项目(KM200810020010);北京市属市管高校人才强项资助项目(中青年骨干教师计划2006-2008年)

摘　　要：北京山区面积占北京市总面积的62%（霍亚贞,1989）,根据《北京市城市总体规划》（2004—2020）以及北京市＂十一五＂时期北京山区发展规划,其功能定位是首都的生态屏障和水源涵养区,所以山区的发展应在生态保护的前提下,寻找生态与经济双赢之路。根据国内外山区发展的经验,发展果树产业是协调二者的有效途径。目前,果树产业已成为北京山区发展的主导产业,因此,对山区果园生态系统生态服务功能的经济价值进行评估,可为山区果树产业的健康发展提供理论依据。The mountains in Beijing,accounting for 62% of the total area,function as an ecological barrier in Chinese capital.Economy development in the mountain region is a key to guarantee the ecological function,among which the development of fruit industry in the mountain area is one of the most effective approaches in harmonizing economy and ecological function.In order to provide the theoretical basis for healthy development of fruit industry,the universal soil loss equation（USLE） was utilized to estimate the eco-economic value of soil conservation service of orchard ecosystems.The results showed that the orchard ecosystems in Pinggu district conserved soil 77.10 t·hm-2 per year,and the annual reduced loss of soil organic matter,soil available nitrogen,soil available phosphorus and soil available potassium was 21 647.60,169.68,54.85 and 227.19 t,respectively.The surface soil loss in this areas were decreased by 238.92 hm2 per annum,and the sedimentation in the reservoirs and rivers were reduced by 229 366 m3 per annum.The results revealed that the total value of soil conservation of Pinggu orchard ecosystems added up to about 11.294 million yuan（RMB） per annum,of which,about 8.1 million yuan of holding nutrient,153.7 thousand yuan of reducing reservoir silt and 3.1 million yuan of decreasing soil loss.The values of holding nutrient included soil organic matter 2.2 million yuan（RMB）,soil available nitrogen 4.1 million yuan（RMB）,soil available phosphorus 595.3 thousand yuan（RMB） and soil available potassium 1.1 million yuan（RMB） per annum respectively.

关 键 词：果园生态系统 土壤保持功能 土壤流失方程 生态经济价值 北京市平谷区 

分 类 号：S798[农业科学—林木遗传育种]