新生儿先天性心脏病54例  

Clinical Analysis on 54 Cases of Congenital Heart Disease in Newborn Infants

作　　者：唐俊海 熊高洁 刘漫君 夏春波[3] 郑楚[4] 

机构地区：[1]桂林市妇女儿童医院新生儿科,广西桂林541001 [2]桂林市第二人民医院新生儿科,广西桂林541001 [3]桂林医学院人体解剖学教研室,广西桂林541004 [4]桂林医学院学生工作处,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《实用儿科临床杂志》2012年第1期34-35,共2页Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics

基　　金：广西自然科学基金(2010GXNSFA013255);广西教育厅科研项目(201010LX324)

摘　　要：目的分析新生儿先天性心脏病(CHD)的临床特点,为早期诊断提供依据。方法收集本院2005年5月-2010年8月54例CHD患儿。男31例,女23例;胎龄30～41周;出生体质量1 200～3 920 g。分析CHD患儿的病理类型、病史、临床表现和辅助检查等情况。采用心脏彩色多普勒超声诊断仪探查其左心室长轴、大动脉短轴、四腔心(胸骨旁、心尖、剑突下),必要时胸骨上窝探查其主动脉弓,证实其心血管畸形存在。结果新生儿非发绀型CHD占75.93%,发绀型占24.07%;非发绀型CHD中病理类型共有8种,其中以ASD、PDA和VSD居多;发绀型CHD病理类型有7种,以大动脉转位和法洛四联症较多。临床表现以发绀、呼吸急促、心脏杂音等最为常见。早产儿发绀型CHD发生率为62.50%,足月儿为7.89%,二者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论新生儿CHD的临床表现不典型,早期诊断较困难,对可疑病例应引起重视,结合辅助检查尽早诊断。Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of the newborn congenital heart disease （CHD） in order to provide refe- rences for earlier diagnosis. Methods The pathologic type, clinical manifestations and auxiliary examinations of 54 newborn infants with CHD （31 cases were male and 23 cases were female;30 -41 weeks old;the weight was 1 200 -3 920 g） were analyzed,adopting color doppler ultrasonography was used to detect the left ventricular long axis, aorta short axis, four - chamber heart （ parasternal, apical, xiphoid） , and if necessary,the aortic arch suprasternal fossa was performed confirm the presence of cardiovascular abnormalities. Results The non - cyanosis C HD accounted for 75.93 %, which had 8 pathological types, and most of them were atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus and ventricular septal defect;the eyanosis CHD accounted for 24.07% ,which expressed in 7 pathological types, mainly in the form of aorta transition and tetralogy of fallot. Their common clinical manifestations were heart murmur,cyanosis and shortness of breath. Cyanosis CHD incidence rate was 62.50% in premature infants ,7.89% in full - term infants, and there was a significant difference between them （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusions Clinical manifestations of newborn CHD are not typical and the early diagnosis is difficult, so attention should be paid to the suspected cases, and the diagnosis of CHD should be performed by auxiliary examinations as early as possible.

关 键 词：先天性心脏病刘盏床分析 婴儿 新生 

分 类 号：R722.1[医药卫生—儿科]