一类具有高光学透明、高可溶聚酰亚胺薄膜的合成与表征  

Synthesis and Characterization of Polyimide with High Solubility and Optical Transparency

作　　者：莫鑫[1] 李光[1] 江建明[1] 

机构地区：[1]东华大学材料科学与工程学院,纤维材料改性国家重点实验室,上海201620

出　　处：《材料导报》2012年第2期67-71,共5页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(NSFC5087023)

摘　　要：以2,6-二甲基苯胺和苯甲醛为原料,经一步合成反应,制得了一种高纯二胺单体α,α-(3,5-二甲基-4-氨基)苯基甲烷(BADP),将其与4种商品化芳香二酐缩聚,制得了一系列主链含3,3′,5,5′-四甲基和甲苯基结构的聚酰亚胺,特性黏度在0.57～0.84dL/g之间。该聚酰亚胺表现出优异的溶解性能和光学性能:室温下不仅可以溶于高沸点的NMP、DMAc、DMF和m-Cresol等溶剂中,还能溶于低沸点的CHCl3、CH2Cl2等溶剂中,而且大部分聚合物在这类溶剂中的溶解度可达10%(质量分数)以上;所制得的聚酰亚胺薄膜颜色浅、透明性高,截断波长在341～365nm之间,500nm处的透过率均超过85%。此外,该系列聚酰亚胺还表现出良好的热学性能和力学性能:玻璃化转变温度在333℃以上,空气和氮气中10%热失重在440℃和500℃以上;其薄膜的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和起始模量分别在62～95MPa、8.4%～15.5%和2.2～3.5GPa之间。A high purity diamine monomer, 3,3＇ ,5,5＇-tetramethyl-4,4＇-diaminodiphenyl-butyltoluene（BADP）, was synthesized via one step from 2, 6-dimethylaniline and benzaldehyde. The obtained diamine was subsequently employed to prepare a series of polyimides with four commercial aromatic dianhydrides. The inherent viscosity of the resulting polyimides were in range of 0. 57-0. 84dL/g, and they exhibited an excellent solubility and optical property. They were readily soluble not only in some strong polar solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylacetamide, and N, N-dimethylformamide, but also had a good solubility in some low-boiling-point solvents such as chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, and dichloromethane. The maximum dissolvability of them even exceeded more than 10wt% in these solvents. The polyimide film showed high optical transparency and colorless, with a UV-vis absorption edge between 341nm and 365nm. Furthermore, the polyimide also showed good thermal and mechanical properties. The temperature of 10% weight loss in air or nitrogen were higher than 440℃ and 500℃ respectively, and their glass-transition temperature（Tg） were higher than 333℃. The polyimide films had strengths at break at 62-95MPa, elongations to break of 8. 4-15.5M, and initial moduli at 2.2-3.5GPa.

关 键 词：聚酰亚胺 光学透明性 溶解性 

分 类 号：TQ323.6[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]