基于生态压力指数的新疆生态安全时空动态分析  

Spatiotemporal Analysis of Ecological Security in Xinjiang based on Ecological Pressure Index

作　　者：郭鹏程[1,2,3] 包安明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]海南省环境地质勘察院,海南三亚572000

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2012年第1期235-243,共9页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家"973"项目(2009CB421301);国家环保公益性行业科研专项(201109027)资助

摘　　要：通过计算2000—2007年新疆各地州(市)的生态足迹和生物承载力,选取生态压力指数(EPI)构建区域生态安全评价模型,对不同地区的生态安全状况进行了评价并分析其时空动态变化。结果表明:①2000—2007年新疆各地州(市)人均生态足迹均呈增长趋势,而生物承载力总体上呈减少趋势。②西部大开发战略实施以来,新疆经历了由生态安全向生态不安全演变的过程;各地州(市)生态不安全程度逐年增加,且增加幅度不等。③新疆生态安全程度的空间分布呈现一定的规律性,北部地区>中部地区>东、西部地区>天山北坡地区。Great achievements have been gotten in socioeconomic development in Xinjiang since the launching of west development strategy of China,but this process has also caused a lot of serious ecological and environmental problems.In this paper,ecological footprint and biological carrying capacity of different regions in Xinjiang in 2000-2007 were calculated and analyzed based on the ecological footprint theory.Ecological pressure index was selected to build a model for regional ecological security evaluation,and then ecological security of different regions in Xinjiang was assessed.Results showed that：（1） The per capita ecological footprint in each regions of Xinjiang showed an increasing trend with varying degrees,and the biological carrying capacity as a whole showed a decreasing tendency.（2） The ecological security condition of Xinjiang changed from security to insecurity along the large-scale development process,and the ecological insecurity condition increased and the increase percentage was different in different zones.（3） The spatial distribution of ecological security in Xinjiang could be ranked as North XinjiangMidland XinjiangEast and West XinjiangNorthern Slope of the Tangshan Mountains.

关 键 词：生态足迹 生物承载力 生态安全 时空动态 新疆 

分 类 号：Q146[生物学—生态学]