广藿香生长特性比较及海南广藿香花器结构的观察  

The Comparison of Growth Characteristics and Observation of Flower Structure in Pogostemon cablin

作　　者：吴友根[1,2] 郭巧生[1] 林尤奋[2] 张军锋[3] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学中药材研究所,江苏南京210095 [2]热带作物种质资源保护与开发利用教育部重点实验室,海南大学园艺园林学院,海南海口570228 [3]海南大学材料化工学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《时珍国医国药》2011年第12期2997-2999,共3页Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.30960533);海南省自然科学基金项目(No.310022;30814);海南省教育厅高等学校科学研究资助项目(No.Hjkj2009-25);海南大学科研资助项目(No.hd09xm58);海南大学科研启动基金项目(No.kyqd1002);海南大学211工程专项资金资助项目(YJg0135)

摘　　要：目的探讨4种广藿香栽培类型的生长发育特性和表型特征的差异及观察"南香"花器结构,为广藿香栽培、优质种源筛选和生药鉴定提供依据。方法将"南香""湛香""肇香"和"牌香"插条按株行距0.7 m×0.7 m直接扦插于畦上,相同的常规管理后,记录和测试相关的生长发育指标;采用扫描电镜法观察"南香"花器结构。结果 "南香"生长速度略快于其它3种广藿香,表现在主茎上萌枝时间较短、地上部鲜重和根鲜重较重以及主根萌生的分枝数较多,全生育期"牌香"最长,"南香"最短;"南香"花紫红色,轮伞花序密集成穗状,顶生或腋生,萼圆筒状,被短茸毛,顶端5裂,裂片狭披针形,雌蕊的子房圆球形,花柱细长,雄蕊4枚,2长2短,伸出花冠外,花药圆球形,花丝近基部有多数紫色髯毛。结论 4种广藿香栽培类型的生长发育特性和表型特征存在一定差异;"南香"的花器结构相似于其它3种类型。Objective To study the growth characteristics of four types of P.cablin and observe ＇Nanxiang＇ flower structure,in order to offer some evidences for planting,good genotype selection and identification. Methods Cutting-rooted seedlings were cultivated under field conditions in a 0.7 m× 0.7 m area in row and between rows with normal cultivation and management,and the indexes of growth and development were determined.The structures of ＇Nanxiang＇ flower were observed by scanning electron microscope. Results The growth of ＇Nanxiang＇ was a little faster than that of other three types of P.cablin,and included that the branch growth on stem was faster,fresh weights of aerial and ground part were higher,all roots were more than that of other three types.＇Paixiang＇ had the longest period of growth and development,but ＇Nanxiang＇ had the shortest period of growth and development in the four types of P.cablin.Red-purple flower of ＇Nanxiang＇ had intensive,apical or axillary,spike-like anthotaxy.Its sepal was cylindrical with short hair,and its top had 5 narrowly-lanceolated lobes.Spherical ovary,slim stigma,spherical anther,stamens 4（two-long and two-short） was outside of Corolla,and there were many purple filaments near the base of anther filaments. Conclusion There are some differentiations in the growth and development characteristics of four types of P.cablin;＇Nanxiang＇ flower structure is similar to that of others.

关 键 词：广藿香 生长发育 花器构造 

分 类 号：R284.2[医药卫生—中药学] S567[医药卫生—中医学]