小麦抗白粉病基因Pm21的抑制基因  

Genetic suppression of the powdery mildew resistance gene Pm21 in common wheat

作　　者：任天恒[1] 陈放[1] 张怀琼[2] 晏本菊[2] 任正隆[2] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学生命科学学院,成都610065 [2]四川农业大学植物遗传育种省级重点实验室,雅安625014

出　　处：《植物病理学报》2012年第1期57-64,共8页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30730065)资助

摘　　要：小麦-簇毛麦6VS.6AL易位染色体含有抗白粉病基因Pm21,在我国的小麦育种中被广泛应用。近年来,一些含有Pm21基因的小麦品种(系)开始感染白粉病。为探索含Pm21的品种(系)感染白粉病的原因,本研究在6VS.6AL易位系与小麦品系(种)R14和川农12的杂交后代中利用分子标记CINAU17-1086和CINAU18-723辅助选择的遗传背景相对简单的F7和F8近等基因系为材料,研究了小麦抗白粉病基因Pm21的抗病性表达。结果发现,在3个含有6VS.6AL易位染色体的感病F6植株繁殖的F7近等基因系中发生了白粉病抗性的分离,分离比率符合13感病︰3抗病的理论值。在随机选取的F7感病小麦单株所繁殖的F8近等基因系中,有7/13的株系一致地重感白粉病,有6/13的株系发生了抗白粉病的分离,其中2/13的株系分离比符合3感病︰1抗病、4/13的株系分离比符合13感病︰3抗病的分离模式。这一结果指出,小麦株系中的抗白粉病基因Pm21的抗性表达受小麦基因组中的一对显性抑制基因所控制,该基因来源于小麦品种(系)川农12或R14,建议命名为SuPm21。本研究指出,在把外源基因引入小麦的研究中,有利的外源基因与不含抑制基因的受体遗传资源同等重要。The gene for resistance to powdery mildew, Pro21, derived from Dasypyrum viltosum and located on translocation chromosome 6VS. 6AL, was widely used in Chinese wheat programs. In recent years it was found that some wheat cultivars （lines） with the 6VS. 6AL translocation were susceptible to powdery mildew. In present study, a wheat 6VS. 6AL line R55 containing Pro21 was crossed with the wheat cultivars （line） Chuan-Nong 12 and R14. A complex segregation mode was observed in offspring of this cross. Three F7 families originated from the susceptible plants of the F6 lines of the cross, in which the 6VS. 6BL translocation chromosome was detected by using the molecular markers CINAU17-1086 and CINAU18-72a, was selected to examine the different resistance expression of gene Pro21 to powdery mildew in wheat genetic background. A segregation ratio of 13 susceptible： 3 resistant was observed in the three families. In the Fa families derived from the F7 susceptible plants, 7/13 families exhibited susceptible and 6/13 families showed segregation, in which 2/13and 4/13 families fitted the ratios of 3 susceptible ： 1 resistant and 13 susceptible ： 3 resistant, respectively. The results indicated that Pro21 was not expressed in some wheat lines, due to the presence of a dominant suppressor gene in the wheat cultivar （line） Chuan-Nong 12 or R14, which was designated as SuPm21. The interaction of alien genes with the genetic background of wheat genome is discussed in relation to wheat breeding program.

关 键 词：基因互作 遗传抑制 白粉病抗性 SuPm21 小麦育种 

分 类 号：S432.21[农业科学—植物病理学]