Deceit pollination and the effect of deforestation on reproduction in dioecious Schisandra sphenanthera （Schisandraceae） in central China  

作　　者：Wei DU Lan-Jie HUANG Xiao-Fan WANG 

机构地区：[1]College of Life Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China

出　　处：《Journal of Systematics and Evolution》2012年第1期36-44,共9页植物分类学报（英文版）

基　　金：The authors thank Professor Shuang-Quan HUANG （Wuhan University） for helpful discussions and suggestions; Professor Xiao-Li TONG （South China Agricultural University） for insect identification; Na LU, Ke-Zhou QIN and Shu-Juan LIU for assistance in the field; and three anonymous reviewers for their valuable and inspiring comments on the manuscript. This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （NSFC 30970194）.

摘　　要：The fruits of Schisandra sphenanthera （dioecious） are used to produce ＇Nan-Wuweizi＇, an important Chinese medicine. However, long-term exploitation and habitat destruction have threatened these plants in nature. Knowledge of the reproductive biology of S. sphenanthera is essential to help formulate a conservation strategy for these plants. Field studies were conducted at Jigong Mountain （JGM） and Jinji Valley （JJV） in Henan and Hubei Provinces, China. The reproductive biology of S. sphenanthera was analyzed at these sites, including population structure, pollination, floral morphology, and natural fruit set. The 11 populations at two sites were male biased. The primary floral visitors were gall midges （Resseliella sp., Cecidomyiidae; Diptera） and thrips （Thripsflavidulus; Thysanoptera）. Floral visitor exclusion experiments and pollen load analysis indicate that gall midges are the primary pollinators. Pollen was the only floral reward for the gall midges. Female flowers attracted pollinators using deceit. The natural fruit set ratio in the cut forest site （JJV） was significantly lower than that at the JGM site, where habitats of S. sphenanthera were well preserved. This indicates that the life cycles of S. sphenanthera and the pollinating insects are vulnerable in disturbed （or cut） habitats.The fruits of Schisandra sphenanthera （dioecious） are used to produce ＇Nan-Wuweizi＇, an important Chinese medicine. However, long-term exploitation and habitat destruction have threatened these plants in nature. Knowledge of the reproductive biology of S. sphenanthera is essential to help formulate a conservation strategy for these plants. Field studies were conducted at Jigong Mountain （JGM） and Jinji Valley （JJV） in Henan and Hubei Provinces, China. The reproductive biology of S. sphenanthera was analyzed at these sites, including population structure, pollination, floral morphology, and natural fruit set. The 11 populations at two sites were male biased. The primary floral visitors were gall midges （Resseliella sp., Cecidomyiidae; Diptera） and thrips （Thripsflavidulus; Thysanoptera）. Floral visitor exclusion experiments and pollen load analysis indicate that gall midges are the primary pollinators. Pollen was the only floral reward for the gall midges. Female flowers attracted pollinators using deceit. The natural fruit set ratio in the cut forest site （JJV） was significantly lower than that at the JGM site, where habitats of S. sphenanthera were well preserved. This indicates that the life cycles of S. sphenanthera and the pollinating insects are vulnerable in disturbed （or cut） habitats.

关 键 词：deceit pollination gall midges male-biased population Schisandra sphenanthera Schisandraceae. 

分 类 号：Q949.747.1[生物学—植物学] S897.3[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]