大范围高灵敏度纳米尺度氨气传感器的制备  

Dielectrophoresis Carbon Nanotube and Conductive Polyaniline Nanofiber NH_3 Gas Sensor

作　　者：陈大竞[1] 雷声[1] 王仁慧[1] 潘敏[1] 陈裕泉[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生仪学院生物传感器国家专业实验室,杭州310027

出　　处：《分析化学》2012年第1期145-149,共5页Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry

基　　金：国家十一五科技支撑计划项目(No.2006BAD30B03)资助

摘　　要：介绍了基于碳纳米管与聚苯胺纳米纤维的两种氨气传感器的制备与测试,综合运用两种传感器,兼顾了高灵敏度和大范围测量两项互相制约的要求。使用近场电纺技术制备单根聚苯胺纳米纤维传感器,对1×10-6氨气灵敏度达到2.7%,比较了聚苯胺纳米纤维结构和薄膜结构的响应特性。纳米纤维的立体结构可提升传感器性能。使用双向电泳技术制备碳纳米管传感器,对浓度大于20×10-6(V/V)的氨气有良好的线性响应。分析了主要功能材料的微结构,阐述了制备技术,比较了响应特性,分析了纤维中气体三维扩散模型,通过计算和测试值,表明响应时间与纤维直径存在反相关性。Carbon nanotube（NT） and single polyaniline nanofiber gas sensors were introduced.Carbon nanotube gas sensor was synthesized by means of dielectrophoresis.Nanofiber sensor was directly deposited as single nanofiber across two gold electrodes by means of near-field electrospinning without the conventional lithography process.The nanofiber sensor shows a 2.7% reversible resistance change to 1×10-6（m/V） NH3 with a response time of 60 s.Carbon nanotube sensor shows good linearity in concentration range above 20×10-6（m/V） with a response time of 100-200 s.The fibers with smaller diameter show quicker response to NH3 based on gas diffusion mechanism.Thus,CNT sensor and nanofiber-based sensors could be promising for gas sensing array and multi-chemical sensing applications.

关 键 词：碳纳米管 聚苯胺纤维 氨气 传感器 

分 类 号：TP212.2[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]