吉林省农安地区农田防护林生态经济效益分析  

Analysis on Ecological-economic Benefits of Shelter Forest in Nong′an District of Jilin Province

作　　者：徐鹏[1] 邹春静[1] 李苗苗[1] 刘安田[1] 方慧[1] 代雪[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学生命科学学院上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室,上海200062

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2012年第1期204-205,209,共3页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30670315)

摘　　要：对吉林省农安地区成熟防护林的农田林网的防风效应、水热效应和经济效益进行了调查研究。结果表明:由4条林带构成的林网,平均降低风速30.4%,最低风速出现在观测区背风面的3 H^10 H处,降低60%。林网内背风面1 H^10 H处和迎风面3~5 H处为增温区,日平均增温0.4~1.0℃。而林网内背风面15 H^35 H处和迎风面6 H处为低温区,日平均增温在0.3~0.5℃。2行林带在有效防风距离以内,相对湿度的提高最低,平均提高6.3个百分点。12行林带次之,平均提高10.1个百分点。6行林带最好,平均提高20.4个百分点。林网内玉米平均产量9 211.9 kg/hm2,比对照区增加14.1%。3~10 H增产幅度为17%~25%,属于增产率最高区。可见,农田防护林具有非常明显的防风效应、水热效应和经济效益,是农田基本建设的重要组成部分。In this paper,the windproof effects,hydro-thermal effects and economic benefits of matured shelter-forest in Jilin Nong＇an District were investigated. The results showed that the forest-network formed by the four forest-belts,reducing 30.4% of the wind speed on average,and minimum wind speed appeared in the range of 3 H to 10 H （height of shelter belt）on the leeward side in observation area with reduction of 60%. The heating zones appeared in the range of 1 H to 10 H on the leeward side and 3 H to 5 H on the windward side. The daily average temperature increased by 0.4 ℃ to 1.0 ℃. However,the low temperature area appeared in the range of 15 H to 35 H on the leeward side and 6 H on the windward side. The daily average temperature was increased by 0.3 ℃ to 0.5 ℃. 2-line forest-belt within an effective distance of the windbreak ,the improvement of the relative humidity was the lowest,which had an average increase of 6.3 percentage points. 12-line forest-belt was next, which had an average increase of 10.1 percentage points. 6-line forest-beh was the best ,which had an average increase of 20.4 percentage points. Corn in forest-network yielded 9 211.9 kg/hm2 on average ,which had an increase of 14.1% compared with the contrast area.In the range of 3 H to 10 H site it＇s yielded 17% to 25%, which was the highest increasing area. It showed that farmland shelter-forest had very significant windproof effects, hydro-thermal effects and economic benefits, which was an important part of farmland capital construction.

关 键 词：防护林 防风效应 水热效应 经济效益 吉林省 农安地区 

分 类 号：S727.24[农业科学—林木遗传育种]