砂岩储层中原生孔隙的破坏与保存机制研究进展  

Reviews of the Destruction and Preservation of Primary Porosity in the Sandstone Reservoirs

作　　者：胡作维[1] 李云[1] 黄思静[1] 吕杰[1] 朱炳光[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室,沉积地质研究院,四川成都610059

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2012年第1期14-25,共12页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：国家科技重大专项项目“鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界沉积体系与储层特征研究”(编号:2008ZX05002-001-01)和“鄂尔多斯盆地中生界延长组储层特征研究”(编号:2008ZX05001-004-03)资助

摘　　要：埋藏条件下原生孔隙的破坏与保存机制是含油气盆地砂岩储层质量研究的一个核心领域,其在油气地质学研究中的意义不言而喻。与次生孔隙的形成与保存机制相比,影响原生孔隙破坏与保存的因素有着其特殊的复杂性和多样性。在总结国内外研究进展的基础上,试图深入理解不同成岩机制在砂岩储层原生孔隙破坏与保存中的意义和作用,包括破坏机制(如机械压实、胶结作用等)和保存机制(如地层超压、颗粒包膜、盐体侵位和烃类占位等)。目前难以实现砂岩储层质量钻前准确预测的一个困难在于无法明确原生孔隙演化的动力和过程,将来成岩作用、流体作用、沉积过程和盆地演化的更紧密结合可能是解决砂岩储层原生孔隙破坏与保存机制研究中最有希望的发展方向之一。The destruction and preservation of primary porosity during burial diagenesis is an important part of the sandstone reservoir quality research,and their significance to the research of oil and gas geology is self-evident.Compared with the formation and preservation of secondary porosity,the factors affecting the destruction and preservation of primary porosity are with unique complexity and diversity.Based on the recent progresses from extensive documents,the paper tries to further understand the significance and effect of different diagenetic mechanisms on the destruction and preservation of primary porosity in the sandstone reservoirs,such as the mechanical compaction,cementation,formation overpressure,grain coats,allochthonous salt and hydrocarbon emplacement.Currently,the new generation of reservoir quality models has successfully predicted porosity and permeability in diverse sandstone reservoirs under many different burial conditions,which largely benefited from some important update of the destruction and preservation of primary porosity in modern diagenetic models of sandstone.However,this is just a milestone building accurate pre-drill reservoir quality prediction models,and there are still many problems in those models.The indefinite kinetics and processes of primary porosity evolution are difficult problems to achieve more accurate pre-drill predictions.The closer integration of the diagenesis,fluids,depositional processes and basin evolution may be one of most promising development directions of solving the destruction and preservation of primary porosity in the sandstone reservoirs in future.

关 键 词：孔隙演化 成岩作用 储层质量 砂岩储层 

分 类 号：P588.21[天文地球—岩石学] TE122.21[天文地球—地质学]