富组氨酸糖蛋白(HRG)的结构与功能  

Structure and Function of Histidine-rich Glycoprotein

作　　者：武彩萍[1] 刘欣[1] 李庆伟[1] 王继红[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学生命科学学院,辽宁大连116029

出　　处：《中国生物化学与分子生物学报》2012年第1期1-8,共8页Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.30770297);辽宁省教育厅创新团队项目(No.2008T102);辽宁省科学技术计划项目(No.2010402009);大连市重大科技攻关项目(No.2009E11SF127;No.2010E13SF143);辽宁省科学技术厅博士启动基金(No.20081080);大连市科学技术局留学回国人员科研基金(No.2008J22JH010)资助~~

摘　　要：富组氨酸糖蛋白(HRG)为一种多结构域血浆糖蛋白,可与多种配体结合而行使多种功能.HRG配体包括锌离子、肝素和硫酸肝素、纤溶酶原、纤溶酶、纤维蛋白原、凝血酶敏感素、原肌球蛋白、IgG、FcγR及补体.在锌离子存在或在低pH的环境中(如组织损伤或肿瘤生长),HRG的富含组氨酸结构域与配体的结合能力加强.HRG的多结构域特点及其与多种配体结合的性质表明,其可以作为细胞外衔接蛋白衔接细胞表面的不同配体.除了细胞表面分子,HRG还可以结合IgG,从而阻止可溶性免疫复合物的产生.HRG与大多数细胞发生结合的功能是在锌离子存在或低pH环境下,通过与细胞表面硫酸肝素蛋白聚糖相互作用实现的.HRG还具有加强凋亡细胞、坏死的吞噬细胞和免疫复合物的清除、抗血管新生、细胞的粘附和迁移、纤维蛋白溶解作用、血凝固、补体激活等生理活动调节等功能.本文针对HRG的分子结构与功能及其在临床上的研究进展进行概述.Histidine-rich glycoprotein（HRG） is a plasma glycoprotein which has a multidomain structure.HRG interacts with many ligands,and regulates numerous biological functions.The ligands of HRG include Zn2＋,heparin and heparan sulphate,plasminogen,plasmin,fibrinogen,thrombospondin,tropomyosin,IgG,FcγR,and complement.The binding of histidine-rich region（HRR） and ligand is enhanced when exposured to Zn2＋ or low pH,and conditions associated with the sites of tissue injury or tumor growth.The properties of multidomain structure and diverse ligand binding indicates that it can act as an extracellular adaptor protein,binding with different ligands mainly on cell surfaces.Besides cell surface molecules,HRG can differentially tag at IgG,preventing generation of insoluble immune complexes.HRG binds to most cells primarily via heparan sulfate proteoglycans,in the condition of elevated free Zn2＋ levels or low pH.Previous studies have showed that HRG can enhance clearance of apoptotic and necrotic phagocytes as well as immune complexes.The antiangiogenetic properties of HRG are well established in vitro and in vivo.HRG can modulate other physiological processes such as cell adhesion and migration,fibrinolysis and coagulation,complement activation.In this review,we focus on the progress of study on the structure,function and clinical research of HRG.

关 键 词：富组氨酸糖蛋白 肝素 生物学功能 抗血管新生 

分 类 号：Q71[生物学—分子生物学]